Silver(I) hexafluoroantimonate (T3D1881)

General Function:

Glutathione peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids.

Gene Name:

GPX5

Uniprot ID:

O75715

Molecular Weight:

25202.14 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.

Gene Name:

GSTA1

Uniprot ID:

P08263

Molecular Weight:

25630.785 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.

Gene Name:

GSTA2

Uniprot ID:

P09210

Molecular Weight:

25663.675 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Catalyzes isomerization reactions that contribute to the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. Efficiently catalyze obligatory double-bond isomerizations of delta(5)-androstene-3,17-dione and delta(5)-pregnene-3,20-dione, precursors to testosterone and progesterone, respectively.

Gene Name:

GSTA3

Uniprot ID:

Q16772

Molecular Weight:

25301.355 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GSTA5

Uniprot ID:

Q7RTV2

Molecular Weight:

25721.725 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Protein homodimerization activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.

Gene Name:

GSTM1

Uniprot ID:

P09488

Molecular Weight:

25711.555 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Receptor binding

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.

Gene Name:

GSTM2

Uniprot ID:

P28161

Molecular Weight:

25744.395 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Protein homodimerization activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. May govern uptake and detoxification of both endogenous compounds and xenobiotics at the testis and brain blood barriers.

Gene Name:

GSTM3

Uniprot ID:

P21266

Molecular Weight:

26559.32 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Protein homodimerization activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Active on 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.

Gene Name:

GSTM4

Uniprot ID:

Q03013

Molecular Weight:

25561.095 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.

Gene Name:

GSTM5

Uniprot ID:

P46439

Molecular Weight:

25674.455 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

S-nitrosoglutathione binding

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Regulates negatively CDK5 activity via p25/p35 translocation to prevent neurodegeneration.

Gene Name:

GSTP1

Uniprot ID:

P09211

Molecular Weight:

23355.625 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Receptor binding

Specific Function:

Significant glutathione conjugating activity is found only with the model substrate, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB).

Gene Name:

GSTK1

Uniprot ID:

Q9Y2Q3

Molecular Weight:

25496.625 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Oxidoreductase activity

Specific Function:

Exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. Has S-(phenacyl)glutathione reductase activity. Has also glutathione S-transferase activity. Participates in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and reduces monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsonic acid.

Gene Name:

GSTO1

Uniprot ID:

P78417

Molecular Weight:

27565.6 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Oxidoreductase activity

Specific Function:

Exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase activity. Has high dehydroascorbate reductase activity and may contribute to the recycling of ascorbic acid. Participates in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and reduces monomethylarsonic acid (MMA).

Gene Name:

GSTO2

Uniprot ID:

Q9H4Y5

Molecular Weight:

28253.52 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Acts on 1,2-epoxy-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)propane, phenethylisothiocyanate 4-nitrobenzyl chloride and 4-nitrophenethyl bromide. Displays glutathione peroxidase activity with cumene hydroperoxide.

Gene Name:

GSTT1

Uniprot ID:

P30711

Molecular Weight:

27334.755 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Has a sulfatase activity.

Gene Name:

GSTT2

Uniprot ID:

P0CG29

Molecular Weight:

27505.775 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Not Available

Specific Function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

Not Available

Uniprot ID:

A8MPT4

Molecular Weight:

Not Available

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Sh3 domain binding

Specific Function:

Protects the hemoglobin in erythrocytes from oxidative breakdown.

Gene Name:

GPX1

Uniprot ID:

P07203

Molecular Weight:

22087.94 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Glutathione peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested organic hydroperoxides. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and linoleic acid hydroperoxide but not phosphatidycholine hydroperoxide, can act as acceptors.

Gene Name:

GPX2

Uniprot ID:

P18283

Molecular Weight:

21953.835 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Transcription factor binding

Specific Function:

Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione.

Gene Name:

GPX3

Uniprot ID:

P22352

Molecular Weight:

25552.185 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Glutathione peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GPX6

Uniprot ID:

P59796

Molecular Weight:

24970.46 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

It protects esophageal epithelia from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. It suppresses acidic bile acid-induced reactive oxigen species (ROS) and protects against oxidative DNA damage and double-strand breaks.

Gene Name:

GPX7

Uniprot ID:

Q96SL4

Molecular Weight:

20995.88 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Protein homodimerization activity

Specific Function:

Bifunctional enzyme showing minimal glutathione-conjugating activity with ethacrynic acid and 7-chloro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole and maleylacetoacetate isomerase activity. Has also low glutathione peroxidase activity with T-butyl and cumene hydroperoxides. Is able to catalyze the glutathione dependent oxygenation of dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid.

Gene Name:

GSTZ1

Uniprot ID:

O43708

Molecular Weight:

24212.005 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Glutathione transferase activity

Specific Function:

Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Has a wide substrate specificity.

Gene Name:

MGST1

Uniprot ID:

P10620

Molecular Weight:

17598.45 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Leukotriene-c4 synthase activity

Specific Function:

Can catalyze the production of LTC4 from LTA4 and reduced glutathione. Can catalyze the conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with reduced glutathione.

Gene Name:

MGST2

Uniprot ID:

Q99735

Molecular Weight:

16620.4 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Also functions as a glutathione peroxidase.

Gene Name:

MGST3

Uniprot ID:

O14880

Molecular Weight:

16516.185 Da

References

1. Wikipedia. Ethanol. Last Updated 15 May 2009. [Link]

General Function:

Phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. Required for normal sperm development and male fertility. Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage.

Gene Name:

GPX4

Uniprot ID:

P36969

Molecular Weight:

22174.52 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Peroxidase activity

Specific Function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GPX8

Uniprot ID:

Q8TED1

Molecular Weight:

23880.83 Da

References

1. Dillard CJ, Tappel AL: Mercury, silver, and gold inhibition of selenium-accelerated cysteine oxidation. J Inorg Biochem. 1986 Sep;28(1):13-20. [3760861 ]

General Function:

Steroid hormone binding

Specific Function:

This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.

Gene Name:

ATP1A1

Uniprot ID:

P05023

Molecular Weight:

112895.01 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Steroid hormone binding

Specific Function:

This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.

Gene Name:

ATP1A2

Uniprot ID:

P50993

Molecular Weight:

112264.385 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Steroid hormone binding

Specific Function:

This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.

Gene Name:

ATP1A3

Uniprot ID:

P13637

Molecular Weight:

111747.51 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Sodium:potassium-exchanging atpase activity

Specific Function:

This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients. Plays a role in sperm motility.

Gene Name:

ATP1A4

Uniprot ID:

Q13733

Molecular Weight:

114165.44 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Sodium:potassium-exchanging atpase activity

Specific Function:

This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane.Involved in cell adhesion and establishing epithelial cell polarity.

Gene Name:

ATP1B1

Uniprot ID:

P05026

Molecular Weight:

35061.07 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Sodium:potassium-exchanging atpase activity

Specific Function:

This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-2 subunit is not known.Mediates cell adhesion of neurons and astrocytes, and promotes neurite outgrowth.

Gene Name:

ATP1B2

Uniprot ID:

P14415

Molecular Weight:

33366.925 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Sodium:potassium-exchanging atpase activity

Specific Function:

This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-3 subunit is not known.

Gene Name:

ATP1B3

Uniprot ID:

P54709

Molecular Weight:

31512.34 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Transporter activity

Specific Function:

May be involved in forming the receptor site for cardiac glycoside binding or may modulate the transport function of the sodium ATPase.

Gene Name:

FXYD2

Uniprot ID:

P54710

Molecular Weight:

7283.265 Da

References

1. Bianchini A, Playle RC, Wood CM, Walsh PJ: Mechanism of acute silver toxicity in marine invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Mar 25;72(1-2):67-82. Epub 2004 Dec 29. [15748748 ]

General Function:

Used for biological information storage.

Specific Function:

DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.

Molecular Weight:

2.15 x 10¹² Da