Deoxycorticosterone (T3D4245)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (6)XML
Targets (6)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2014-08-29 06:02:24 UTC
Update Date2018-03-21 17:46:11 UTC
Accession NumberT3D4245
Identification
Common NameDeoxycorticosterone
ClassSmall Molecule
Description11-Deoxycorticosterone (also called desoxycortone, 21-hydroxyprogesterone, DOC, or simply deoxycorticosterone) is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. It is classified as a member of the 21-hydroxysteroids. 21-hydroxysteroids are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone. Deoxycorticosterone is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Deoxycorticosterone can be synthesized from progesterone by 21-beta-hydroxylase and is then converted to corticosterone by 11-beta-hydroxylase. Corticosterone is then converted to aldosterone by aldosterone synthase. Deoxycorticosterone can be found throughout all human tissues and has been detected in amniotic fluid and blood. When present in sufficiently high levels, deoxycorticosterone can act as a hypertensive agent and a metabotoxin. A hypertensive agent increases blood pressure and causes the production of more urine. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of deoxycorticosterone are associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and with adrenal tumors producing deoxycorticosterone (PMID: 20671982). High levels of this mineralocorticoid are associated with resistant hypertension, which can result in polyuria, polydipsia, increased blood volume, edema, and cardiac enlargement.
Compound Type
  • Animal Toxin
  • Ester
  • Food Toxin
  • Metabolite
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
Synonym
11-Dehydroxycorticosterone
11-Deoxy-Corticosterone
11-Deoxycorticosterone
11-Desoxycorticosterone
21-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-ene
21-Hydroxy-D4-pregnane-3,20-dione
21-Hydroxy-D4-pregnene-3,20-dione
21-Hydroxy-Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
21-Hydroxy-Progesterone
21-Hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
21-Hydroxyprogesterone
4-Pregnen-21-ol-3,20-dione
Cortexone
D4-Pregnene-21-ol-3,20-dione
Deoxycortone
Desoxycorticosterone
Desoxycortone
DOC
Doca
Kendall'S desoxy compound B
Reichstein'S substance Q
Chemical FormulaC21H30O3
Average Molecular Mass330.461 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass330.219 g/mol
CAS Registry Number64-85-7
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14S,15S)-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
Traditional Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14S,15S)-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
SMILES[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)C(=O)CO
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C21H30O3/c1-20-9-7-14(23)11-13(20)3-4-15-16-5-6-18(19(24)12-22)21(16,2)10-8-17(15)20/h11,15-18,22H,3-10,12H2,1-2H3/t15-,16-,17-,18+,20-,21-/m0/s1
InChI KeyInChIKey=ZESRJSPZRDMNHY-YFWFAHHUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxysteroids
Direct Parent21-hydroxysteroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Progestogin-skeleton
  • 21-hydroxysteroid
  • Pregnane-skeleton
  • 20-oxosteroid
  • 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid
  • 3-oxosteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • Delta-4-steroid
  • Cyclohexenone
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Ketone
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginEndogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
  • Mitochondria
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue Locations
  • All Tissues
Pathways
NameSMPDB LinkKEGG Link
SteroidogenesisSMP00130 map00140
17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (CYP17)SMP00566 Not Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point141 - 142°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility0.0595 mg/mL at 37°C
LogP2.88
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.017 g/LALOGPS
logP3.1ALOGPS
logP3.33ChemAxon
logS-4.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)13.86ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area54.37 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity94.41 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability38.19 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 MEOX; 1 TMS)splash10-0fbl-5910000000-c5e47cf4a734228e81902014-06-16View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0005-9640000000-847952a8ec3d6fcf23d62017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-006t-0491000000-147f3880bd096269f1e52017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0fbl-5910000000-c5e47cf4a734228e81902017-09-12View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0g4l-1595000000-d809868c6663b71a3d302017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0079-1249000000-3bfc1d7ec076060fdbde2017-10-06View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-001i-0009000000-e7a6d422ea2bacd462a62012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-052b-8900000000-2a8ec06e636135e7f1a62012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-052b-9500000000-5f9c88fc7ed062bfa3f92012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positivesplash10-0005-9640000000-3a4ef053cdcc6d13ad032012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positivesplash10-006t-0491000000-8f8a662c709ceb10d5a12012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positivesplash10-00fr-2920000000-4cb1f49316cc482381222017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - , positivesplash10-0a4j-4921000000-a2171271b5cf1b4be2132017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positivesplash10-0532-6966000000-f57233040f10efef4ba92021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 15V, Positivesplash10-001i-0009000000-0cff8a9a4549636b3f422021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 45V, Positivesplash10-052b-5910000000-7f1d5740a09ef36424852021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 60V, Positivesplash10-052b-6900000000-6970a665800f041e96122021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 75V, Positivesplash10-0a4j-9800000000-4a04f32e5cb77516241f2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Positivesplash10-0a6s-9600000000-17d56b65d46a46d9f6532021-09-20View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01q9-0039000000-6c47839c30a0a237e1172017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0il1-2197000000-1c89c50b55ae4c372e762017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0pb9-3392000000-381ce772e5eeb46eab9c2017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-0019000000-8ba1d5bf9b1cd5e2ffa32017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-072a-2089000000-f762aa07c4d2c9a1ba2d2017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0abc-3091000000-9170898ad4f59afc21472017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-0009000000-d95b73baf953ad32ef3d2021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00ba-0096000000-e24f47a2c3de74d2cbab2021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00pj-0091000000-df2a7ff10136d851b3e02021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-001i-0009000000-aba02f501a0b016a82022021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03yi-0795000000-3e5ec71612f4300e6dac2021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0ab9-2910000000-f2aa245e24e0a1ca19a42021-09-24View Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0002-6971000000-e4a2b497c3f1902376792014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2012-12-04View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25.16 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-23View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2012-12-04View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesThis is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsChronically high levels of deoxycorticosterone are associated with the inborn errors of metabolism known as Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB00016
PubChem Compound ID6166
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL1498
ChemSpider ID5932
KEGG IDC03205
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID16973
BioCyc ID11-DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB ID1CA
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkDeoxycorticosterone
References
Synthesis ReferenceMattox V R; Goodrich J E; Vrieze W D Synthesis of C-21 glucosiduronates of cortisone and related corticosteroids. Biochemistry (1969), 8(3), 1188-99.
MSDSLink
General References
  1. Muto S, Akai Y, Ono S, Kusano E, Asano Y: Selective hypoaldosteronism due to combined defects of the conversion from inactive renin to active renin and the aldosterone biosynthesis from corticosterone. Nephron. 2001 Jul;88(3):247-53. [11423756 ]
  2. Bruynseels J, De Coster R, Van Rooy P, Wouters W, Coene MC, Snoeck E, Raeymaekers A, Freyne E, Sanz G, Vanden Bussche G, et al.: R 75251, a new inhibitor of steroid biosynthesis. Prostate. 1990;16(4):345-57. [2164659 ]
  3. Holmes NM, Miller WL, Baskin LS: Lack of defects in androgen production in children with hypospadias. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;89(6):2811-6. [15181062 ]
  4. Sippell WG, Muller-Holve W, Dorr HG, Bidlingmaier F, Knorr D: Concentrations of aldosterone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisol, and cortisone determined simultaneously in human amniotic fluid throughout gestation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981 Mar;52(3):385-92. [7462398 ]
  5. Namiki M, Koh E, Meguro N, Kondoh N, Kiyohara H, Okuyama A, Sakoda S, Matsumoto K, Sonoda T: Extraadrenal expression of steroid 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase by a benign testicular Leydig cell tumor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1991 Dec;39(6):897-901. [1751389 ]
  6. Wyss JM, Oparil S, Sripairojthikoon W: Neuronal control of the kidney: contribution to hypertension. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1992 May;70(5):759-70. [1423019 ]
  7. Pakravan P, Kenny FM, Depp R, Allen AC: Familial congenital absence of adrenal glands; evaluation of glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and estrogen metabolism in the perinatal period. J Pediatr. 1974 Jan;84(1):74-8. [12119960 ]
  8. Krone N, Riepe FG, Grotzinger J, Partsch CJ, Sippell WG: Functional characterization of two novel point mutations in the CYP21 gene causing simple virilizing forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Jan;90(1):445-54. Epub 2004 Oct 13. [15483094 ]
  9. Deng PY, Li YJ: Calcitonin gene-related peptide and hypertension. Peptides. 2005 Sep;26(9):1676-85. Epub 2005 Mar 2. [16112410 ]
  10. Funder JW: Mineralocorticoid receptors: distribution and activation. Heart Fail Rev. 2005 Jan;10(1):15-22. [15947887 ]
  11. Bassett MH, White PC, Rainey WE: The regulation of aldosterone synthase expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 31;217(1-2):67-74. [15134803 ]
  12. White PC, Tusie-Luna MT, New MI, Speiser PW: Mutations in steroid 21-hydroxylase (CYP21). Hum Mutat. 1994;3(4):373-8. [8081391 ]
  13. Ahmad N, Romero DG, Gomez-Sanchez EP, Gomez-Sanchez CE: Do human vascular endothelial cells produce aldosterone? Endocrinology. 2004 Aug;145(8):3626-9. Epub 2004 Apr 29. [15117882 ]
  14. Mussig K, Wehrmann M, Horger M, Maser-Gluth C, Haring HU, Overkamp D: Adrenocortical carcinoma producing 11-deoxycorticosterone: a rare cause of mineralocorticoid hypertension. J Endocrinol Invest. 2005 Jan;28(1):61-5. [15816373 ]
  15. Azar ST, Melby JC: 19-Nor-deoxycorticosterone production from aldosterone-producing adenomas. Hypertension. 1992 Apr;19(4):362-4. [1555868 ]
  16. Bureik M, Bruck N, Hubel K, Bernhardt R: The human mineralocorticoid receptor only partially differentiates between different ligands after expression in fission yeast. FEMS Yeast Res. 2005 Apr;5(6-7):627-33. [15780662 ]
  17. Mellon SH, Miller WL: Extraadrenal steroid 21-hydroxylation is not mediated by P450c21. J Clin Invest. 1989 Nov;84(5):1497-502. [2808702 ]
  18. Hogan MJ, Schambelan M, Biglieri EG: Concurrent hypercortisolism and hypermineralocorticoidism. Am J Med. 1977 May;62(5):777-82. [871129 ]
  19. Ni W, Thompson JM, Northcott CA, Lookingland K, Watts SW: The serotonin transporter is present and functional in peripheral arterial smooth muscle. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;43(6):770-81. [15167270 ]
  20. Campion J, Lahera V, Cachofeiro V, Maestro B, Davila N, Carranza MC, Calle C: In vivo tissue specific modulation of rat insulin receptor gene expression in an experimental model of mineralocorticoid excess. Mol Cell Biochem. 1998 Aug;185(1-2):177-82. [9746224 ]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
General Function:
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates phospholipase C and a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Affects neural activity, perception, cognition and mood. Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including responses to anxiogenic situations and psychoactive substances. Plays a role in intestinal smooth muscle contraction, and may play a role in arterial vasoconstriction.(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for human JC polyomavirus/JCPyV.
Gene Name:
HTR2A
Uniprot ID:
P28223
Molecular Weight:
52602.58 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.0014 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 8582
References
  1. Nelson DL, Lucaites VL, Wainscott DB, Glennon RA: Comparisons of hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamine binding affinities at cloned human 5-HT2A, -HT(2B) and 5-HT2C receptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;359(1):1-6. [9933142 ]
Target Details
2. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various ergot alkaloid derivatives and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and down-stream signaling cascades and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Plays a role in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release, 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake and in the regulation of extracellular dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels, and thereby affects neural activity. May play a role in the perception of pain. Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including impulsive behavior. Required for normal proliferation of embryonic cardiac myocytes and normal heart development. Protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis. Plays a role in the adaptation of pulmonary arteries to chronic hypoxia. Plays a role in vasoconstriction. Required for normal osteoblast function and proliferation, and for maintaining normal bone density. Required for normal proliferation of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the intestine.
Gene Name:
HTR2B
Uniprot ID:
P41595
Molecular Weight:
54297.41 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.0318 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 8582
References
  1. Nelson DL, Lucaites VL, Wainscott DB, Glennon RA: Comparisons of hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamine binding affinities at cloned human 5-HT2A, -HT(2B) and 5-HT2C receptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;359(1):1-6. [9933142 ]
Target Details
3. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including ergot alkaloid derivatives, 1-2,5,-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and down-stream signaling cascades and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Regulates neuronal activity via the activation of short transient receptor potential calcium channels in the brain, and thereby modulates the activation of pro-opiomelacortin neurons and the release of CRH that then regulates the release of corticosterone. Plays a role in the regulation of appetite and eating behavior, responses to anxiogenic stimuli and stress. Plays a role in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
Gene Name:
HTR2C
Uniprot ID:
P28335
Molecular Weight:
51820.705 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.002 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 8582
References
  1. Nelson DL, Lucaites VL, Wainscott DB, Glennon RA: Comparisons of hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamine binding affinities at cloned human 5-HT2A, -HT(2B) and 5-HT2C receptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;359(1):1-6. [9933142 ]
Target Details
4. Androgen receptor
General Function:
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.
Gene Name:
AR
Uniprot ID:
P10275
Molecular Weight:
98987.9 Da
References
  1. Krishnan AV, Zhao XY, Swami S, Brive L, Peehl DM, Ely KR, Feldman D: A glucocorticoid-responsive mutant androgen receptor exhibits unique ligand specificity: therapeutic implications for androgen-independent prostate cancer. Endocrinology. 2002 May;143(5):1889-900. [11956172 ]
Target Details
5. Glucocorticoid receptor
General Function:
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:
Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth. Involved in chromatin remodeling. May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic genes expression.
Gene Name:
NR3C1
Uniprot ID:
P04150
Molecular Weight:
85658.57 Da
References
  1. Krishnan AV, Zhao XY, Swami S, Brive L, Peehl DM, Ely KR, Feldman D: A glucocorticoid-responsive mutant androgen receptor exhibits unique ligand specificity: therapeutic implications for androgen-independent prostate cancer. Endocrinology. 2002 May;143(5):1889-900. [11956172 ]
Target Details
6. Sex hormone-binding globulin
General Function:
Androgen binding
Specific Function:
Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration.
Gene Name:
SHBG
Uniprot ID:
P04278
Molecular Weight:
43778.755 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Dissociation0.042 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 8582
References
  1. Cherkasov A, Ban F, Santos-Filho O, Thorsteinson N, Fallahi M, Hammond GL: An updated steroid benchmark set and its application in the discovery of novel nanomolar ligands of sex hormone-binding globulin. J Med Chem. 2008 Apr 10;51(7):2047-56. doi: 10.1021/jm7011485. Epub 2008 Mar 11. [18330978 ]