Paroxetine (T3D2868)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (17)XML
Targets (17)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:27:29 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:52 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2868
Identification
Common NameParoxetine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionParoxetine hydrochloride and paroxetine mesylate belong to a class of antidepressant agents known as selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Despite distinct structural differences between compounds in this class, SSRIs possess similar pharmacological activity. As with other antidepressant agents, several weeks of therapy may be required before a clinical effect is seen. SSRIs are potent inhibitors of neuronal serotonin reuptake. They have little to no effect on norepinephrine or dopamine reuptake and do not antagonize α- or β-adrenergic, dopamine D2 or histamine H1 receptors. During acute use, SSRIs block serotonin reuptake and increase serotonin stimulation of somatodendritic 5-HT1A and terminal autoreceptors. Chronic use leads to desensitization of somatodendritic 5-HT1A and terminal autoreceptors. The overall clinical effect of increased mood and decreased anxiety is thought to be due to adaptive changes in neuronal function that leads to enhanced serotonergic neurotransmission. Side effects include dry mouth, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, sexual dysfunction and headache (see Toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects). Side effects generally occur during the first two weeks of therapy and are usually less severe and frequent than those observed with tricyclic antidepressants. Paroxetine hydrochloride and mesylate are considered therapeutic alternatives rather than generic equivalents by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA); both agents contain the same active moiety (i.e. paroxetine), but are formulated as different salt forms. Clinical studies establishing the efficacy of paroxetine in various conditions were performed using paroxetine hydrochloride. Since both agents contain the same active moiety, the clinical efficacy of both agents is thought to be similar. Paroxetine may be used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Paroxetine has the most evidence supporting its use for anxiety-related disorders of the SSRIs. It has the greatest anticholinergic activity of the agents in this class and compared to other SSRIs, paroxetine may cause greater weight gain, sexual dysfunction, sedation and constipation.
Compound Type
  • Amine
  • Antidepressant
  • Antidepressant, Second-Generation
  • Antidepressive Agent
  • Drug
  • Ether
  • Food Toxin
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitor
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
Synonym
(-)-(3S,4R)-4-(P-Fluorophenyl)-3-((3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenoxy)methyl)piperidine
(3S-trans)-3-((1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine
Aropax
Brisdelle
Paroxetina
Paroxetinum
Paxil
Paxil CR
PAXILCR
Pexeva
Sereupin
Seroxat
Seroxat CR
Chemical FormulaC19H20FNO3
Average Molecular Mass329.365 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass329.143 g/mol
CAS Registry Number61869-08-7
IUPAC Name(3S,4R)-3-[(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine
Traditional Nameparoxetine
SMILES[H][C@@]1(COC2=CC3=C(OCO3)C=C2)CNCC[C@@]1([H])C1=CC=C(F)C=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C19H20FNO3/c20-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-7-8-21-10-14(17)11-22-16-5-6-18-19(9-16)24-12-23-18/h1-6,9,14,17,21H,7-8,10-12H2/t14-,17-/m0/s1
InChI KeyInChIKey=AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-YOEHRIQHSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpiperidines. Phenylpiperidines are compounds containing a phenylpiperidine skeleton, which consists of a piperidine bound to a phenyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPiperidines
Sub ClassPhenylpiperidines
Direct ParentPhenylpiperidines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenylpiperidine
  • Benzodioxole
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Fluorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Aralkylamine
  • Aryl fluoride
  • Aryl halide
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Ether
  • Secondary aliphatic amine
  • Acetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Secondary amine
  • Azacycle
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
Applications
Biological Roles
Chemical Roles
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point147-150°C (mesylate salt)
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility>1 g/mL (mesylate salt)
LogP3.6
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0085 g/LALOGPS
logP3.1ALOGPS
logP3.15ChemAxon
logS-4.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.77ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area39.72 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity88.02 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability34.48 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0f9i-1911000000-12c3e68d4fb152fcf19a2017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positivesplash10-001i-3709000000-7d029049c2e6d638ecbe2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-001i-2409000000-077fb077fbf0e4210f512017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-001i-0009000000-56cd88a7bae65159b40e2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-9300000000-95d57654f385999512502021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - -1V, Positivesplash10-001i-3609000000-814e80528f9dde6c33a52021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-001l-6809000000-6461647e2077c359be2e2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Positivesplash10-001l-2906000000-a8c78adc02d4f098ec532021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Positivesplash10-001i-2309000000-dae2fa8b8f5f0d2d9c832021-09-20View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-001i-0409000000-034c664e49ac69cc67012016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0uel-1915000000-1cceed9b83dba502dc392016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-6900000000-a45d96d1002ba6a0049e2016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-0409000000-7b0c408204b05629f1552016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-002r-1829000000-c76de0eff9bcad218ff42016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000i-4900000000-77810e81d9b6e4cb0cf72016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-001i-0409000000-52ccb63e39824262697a2021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-001r-0915000000-6663900bf83beabe3f502021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-004r-0901000000-7e65658f2aa91b98e2932021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0903000000-8712cfe4d48fe9ccd4842021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-004r-0927000000-031f43eecdb967cf56ae2021-10-11View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-1900000000-6adcbe9a9b2a0603a1ce2021-10-11View Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0006-8900000000-0a273deac3c7836cdc762014-09-20View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureParoxetine hydrochloride is slowly, but completely absorbed following oral administration. Paroxetine mesylate salt is also completely absorbed after oral dosing. The oral bioavailability appears to be low due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Paroxetine hydrochloride oral tablets and suspension are reportedly bioequivalent. Absorption of either salt form is not substantially affected by food. Peak concentrations of Brisbelle (mesylate salt) were reached at 6 hours (3 to 8 hours range). Steady state Cmax was 13.10 ng/mL. The steady state AUC (0-last) was 237 hr*ng/mL. Paroxetine mesylate generally follows non-linear pharmacokinetics because CYP2D6, the enzyme that is part responisible for paroxetine metabolism, is readily saturable.
Mechanism of ToxicityParoxetine is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin reuptake. Paroxetine likely inhibits the reuptake of serotonin at the neuronal membrane, enhances serotonergic neurotransmission by reducing turnover of the neurotransmitter, therefore it prolongs its activity at synaptic receptor sites and potentiates 5-HT in the CNS; paroxetine is more potent than both sertraline and fluoxetine in its ability to inhibit 5-HT reuptake. Compared to the tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs have dramatically decreased binding to histamine, acetylcholine, and norepinephrine receptors. The mechanism of action for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms is unknown.
MetabolismParoxetine is extensively metabolized after oral administration, likely in the liver. The main metabolites are polar and conjugated products of oxidation and methylation, which are readily eliminated by the body. The predominant metabolites are glucuronic acid and sulfate conjugates. Paroxetine metabolites do not possess significant pharmacologic activity (less than 2% that of parent compound). Paroxetine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. Enzyme saturation appears to account for the nonlinear pharmacokinetics observed with increasing dose and duration of therapy. Route of Elimination: Approximately 64% of a 30 mg oral solution of paroxetine was excreted in the urine with 2% as the parent compound and 62% as metabolites. Approximately 36% of the dose was excreted in the feces (via bile), mostly as metabolites and less than 1% as parent compound. Half Life: 21-24 hours
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 500mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (6)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesLabeled indications include: major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Unlabeled indications include: eating disorders, impulse control disorders, vasomotor symptoms of menopause, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children, and mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic individuals. Brisdelle, which consists of paroxetine mesylate is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (like hot flashes) associated with menopause.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsComa, dizziness, drowsiness, facial flushing, nausea, sweating, tremor, vomiting
TreatmentTreatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any drugs effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Ensure an adequate airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. Monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. General supportive and symptomatic measures are also recommended. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large-bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion, or in symptomatic patients. Activated charcoal should be administered. Due to the large volume of distribution of this drug, forced diuresis, dialysis, hemoperfusion, and exchange transfusion are unlikely to be of benefit. No specific antidotes for paroxetine are known. (8)
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB00715
HMDB IDHMDB14853
PubChem Compound ID43815
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL490
ChemSpider ID39888
KEGG IDC07415
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID7936
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDParoxetine
PDB IDNot Available
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkParoxetine
References
Synthesis Reference

Charles M. Zepp, Yun Gao, Donald L. Heefner, “Method of preparing optically pure precursors of paroxetine.” U.S. Patent US5258517, issued January, 1976.

MSDSLink
General References
  1. Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Bandelow B, Bond A, Davidson JR, den Boer JA, Fineberg NA, Knapp M, Scott J, Wittchen HU: Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Nov;19(6):567-96. [16272179 ]
  2. Baldwin D, Bobes J, Stein DJ, Scharwachter I, Faure M: Paroxetine in social phobia/social anxiety disorder. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paroxetine Study Group. Br J Psychiatry. 1999 Aug;175:120-6. [10627793 ]
  3. Yonkers KA, Gullion C, Williams A, Novak K, Rush AJ: Paroxetine as a treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1996 Feb;16(1):3-8. [8834412 ]
  4. Waldinger MD, Hengeveld MW, Zwinderman AH, Olivier B: Effect of SSRI antidepressants on ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Aug;18(4):274-81. [9690692 ]
  5. Waldinger MD, Zwinderman AH, Olivier B: SSRIs and ejaculation: a double-blind, randomized, fixed-dose study with paroxetine and citalopram. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 Dec;21(6):556-60. [11763001 ]
  6. Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Cheng D, Shrivastava S, Tzur D, Gautam B, Hassanali M: DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jan;36(Database issue):D901-6. Epub 2007 Nov 29. [18048412 ]
  7. Drugs.com [Link]
  8. RxList: The Internet Drug Index (2009). [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated Genes
GeneGene SymbolGene IDInteractionChromosomeDetails

Targets

Target Details
1. Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter
General Function:
Serotonin:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function:
Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner.
Gene Name:
SLC6A4
Uniprot ID:
P31645
Molecular Weight:
70324.165 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.00004 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00006 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00009 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.0001 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00013 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00034 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00038 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00042 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.00083 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
IC500.0002 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
IC500.002 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Dissociation0.00013 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Scholze P, Zwach J, Kattinger A, Pifl C, Singer EA, Sitte HH: Transporter-mediated release: a superfusion study on human embryonic kidney cells stably expressing the human serotonin transporter. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Jun;293(3):870-8. [10869387 ]
  2. Pollock BG, Ferrell RE, Mulsant BH, Mazumdar S, Miller M, Sweet RA, Davis S, Kirshner MA, Houck PR, Stack JA, Reynolds CF, Kupfer DJ: Allelic variation in the serotonin transporter promoter affects onset of paroxetine treatment response in late-life depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000 Nov;23(5):587-90. [11027924 ]
  3. Preuss UW, Soyka M, Bahlmann M, Wenzel K, Behrens S, de Jonge S, Kruger M, Bondy B: Serotonin transporter gene regulatory region polymorphism (5-HTTLPR), [3H]paroxetine binding in healthy control subjects and alcohol-dependent patients and their relationships to impulsivity. Psychiatry Res. 2000 Sep 25;96(1):51-61. [10980326 ]
  4. Haughey HM, Fleckenstein AE, Metzger RR, Hanson GR: The effects of methamphetamine on serotonin transporter activity: role of dopamine and hyperthermia. J Neurochem. 2000 Oct;75(4):1608-17. [10987842 ]
  5. Wihlback AC, Sundstrom-Poromaa I, Allard P, Mjorndal T, Spigset O, Backstrom T: Influence of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on platelet serotonin uptake site and serotonin 2A receptor binding. Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Sep;98(3):450-7. [11530128 ]
  6. Carlier PR, Lo MM, Lo PC, Richelson E, Tatsumi M, Reynolds IJ, Sharma TA: Synthesis of a potent wide-spectrum serotonin-, norepinephrine-, dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) and a species-selective dopamine-reuptake inhibitor based on the gamma-amino alcohol functional group. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Mar 3;8(5):487-92. [9871604 ]
  7. Wu YJ, He H, Bertekap R, Westphal R, Lelas S, Newton A, Wallace T, Taber M, Davis C, Macor JE, Bronson J: Discovery of disubstituted piperidines and homopiperidines as potent dual NK1 receptor antagonists-serotonin reuptake transporter inhibitors for the treatment of depression. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Apr 15;21(8):2217-28. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.010. Epub 2013 Feb 19. [23477943 ]
  8. McComas CC, Vu AT, Mahaney PE, Cohn ST, Fensome A, Marella MA, Nogle L, Trybulski EJ, Ye F, Zhang P, Alfinito P, Bray J, Johnston G, Koury E, Deecher DC: Synthesis and activity of 1-(3-amino-1-phenylpropyl)indolin-2-ones: a new class of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Sep 15;18(18):4929-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.08.060. Epub 2008 Aug 22. [18771916 ]
  9. Mattson RJ, Catt JD, Denhart DJ, Deskus JA, Ditta JL, Higgins MA, Marcin LR, Sloan CP, Beno BR, Gao Q, Cunningham MA, Mattson GK, Molski TF, Taber MT, Lodge NJ: Conformationally restricted homotryptamines. 2. Indole cyclopropylmethylamines as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2005 Sep 22;48(19):6023-34. [16162005 ]
  10. Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB: Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1305-22. [9400006 ]
  11. Gelmi ML, Caputo F, Clerici F, Pellegrino S, Giannaccini G, Betti L, Fabbrini L, Schmid L, Palego L, Lucacchini A: 1-Aminocyclopentane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids screening on glutamatergic and serotonergic systems. Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Dec 15;15(24):7581-9. Epub 2007 Sep 12. [17900912 ]
  12. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
  13. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
  14. Ben-Daniel R, Deuther-Conrad W, Scheunemann M, Steinbach J, Brust P, Mishani E: Carbon-11 labeled indolylpropylamine analog as a new potential PET agent for imaging of the serotonin transporter. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Jun 15;16(12):6364-70. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.006. Epub 2008 May 7. [18487050 ]
  15. Funke U, Fischer S, Hiller A, Scheunemann M, Deuther-Conrad W, Brust P, Steinbach J: 3-(4-(6-Fluoroalkoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indole-5-car bonitriles for SERT imaging: chemical synthesis, evaluation in vitro and radiofluorination. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Aug 15;18(16):4727-30. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.077. Epub 2008 Jun 28. [18644726 ]
  16. Henry LK, Field JR, Adkins EM, Parnas ML, Vaughan RA, Zou MF, Newman AH, Blakely RD: Tyr-95 and Ile-172 in transmembrane segments 1 and 3 of human serotonin transporters interact to establish high affinity recognition of antidepressants. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 27;281(4):2012-23. Epub 2005 Nov 3. [16272152 ]
Target Details
2. Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter
General Function:
Norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A2
Uniprot ID:
P23975
Molecular Weight:
69331.42 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.04 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.045 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.085 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.09 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.156 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.328 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
IC500.1 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Dissociation0.04 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Rubin RT: Paroxetine binding to the rat norepinephrine transporter in vivo. Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Nov 1;48(9):954-6. [11203183 ]
  2. Gilmor ML, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB: Inhibition of norepinephrine uptake in patients with major depression treated with paroxetine. Am J Psychiatry. 2002 Oct;159(10):1702-10. [12359676 ]
  3. Nemeroff CB, Owens MJ: Neuropharmacology of paroxetine. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2003 Spring;37 Suppl 1:8-18. [14566196 ]
  4. Carlier PR, Lo MM, Lo PC, Richelson E, Tatsumi M, Reynolds IJ, Sharma TA: Synthesis of a potent wide-spectrum serotonin-, norepinephrine-, dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) and a species-selective dopamine-reuptake inhibitor based on the gamma-amino alcohol functional group. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Mar 3;8(5):487-92. [9871604 ]
  5. McComas CC, Vu AT, Mahaney PE, Cohn ST, Fensome A, Marella MA, Nogle L, Trybulski EJ, Ye F, Zhang P, Alfinito P, Bray J, Johnston G, Koury E, Deecher DC: Synthesis and activity of 1-(3-amino-1-phenylpropyl)indolin-2-ones: a new class of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Sep 15;18(18):4929-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.08.060. Epub 2008 Aug 22. [18771916 ]
  6. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
  7. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
  8. Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB: Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1305-22. [9400006 ]
  9. Mattson RJ, Catt JD, Denhart DJ, Deskus JA, Ditta JL, Higgins MA, Marcin LR, Sloan CP, Beno BR, Gao Q, Cunningham MA, Mattson GK, Molski TF, Taber MT, Lodge NJ: Conformationally restricted homotryptamines. 2. Indole cyclopropylmethylamines as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2005 Sep 22;48(19):6023-34. [16162005 ]
Target Details
3. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A
General Function:
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates phospholipase C and a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Affects neural activity, perception, cognition and mood. Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including responses to anxiogenic situations and psychoactive substances. Plays a role in intestinal smooth muscle contraction, and may play a role in arterial vasoconstriction.(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for human JC polyomavirus/JCPyV.
Gene Name:
HTR2A
Uniprot ID:
P28223
Molecular Weight:
52602.58 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Meyer JH, Kapur S, Eisfeld B, Brown GM, Houle S, DaSilva J, Wilson AA, Rafi-Tari S, Mayberg HS, Kennedy SH: The effect of paroxetine on 5-HT(2A) receptors in depression: an [(18)F]setoperone PET imaging study. Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Jan;158(1):78-85. [11136637 ]
  2. Zanardi R, Artigas F, Moresco R, Colombo C, Messa C, Gobbo C, Smeraldi E, Fazio F: Increased 5-hydroxytryptamine-2 receptor binding in the frontal cortex of depressed patients responding to paroxetine treatment: a positron emission tomography scan study. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 Feb;21(1):53-8. [11199948 ]
  3. Bixo M, Allard P, Backstrom T, Mjorndal T, Nyberg S, Spigset O, Sundstrom-Poromaa I: Binding of [3H]paroxetine to serotonin uptake sites and of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide to 5-HT2A receptors in platelets from women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder during gonadotropin releasing hormone treatment. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2001 Aug;26(6):551-64. [11403977 ]
  4. Kojima H, Terao T, Iwakawa M, Soya A, Inoue N, Shiraishi Y, Son Y, Soeda S, Ueda N, Yoshimura R, Nakamura J: Paroxetine as a 5-HT neuroendocrine probe. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Apr;167(1):97-102. Epub 2003 Feb 25. [12601506 ]
  5. Messa C, Colombo C, Moresco RM, Gobbo C, Galli L, Lucignani G, Gilardi MC, Rizzo G, Smeraldi E, Zanardi R, Artigas F, Fazio F: 5-HT(2A) receptor binding is reduced in drug-naive and unchanged in SSRI-responder depressed patients compared to healthy controls: a PET study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Apr;167(1):72-8. Epub 2003 Mar 11. [12632246 ]
  6. Bonhaus DW, Weinhardt KK, Taylor M, DeSouza A, McNeeley PM, Szczepanski K, Fontana DJ, Trinh J, Rocha CL, Dawson MW, Flippin LA, Eglen RM: RS-102221: a novel high affinity and selective, 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Neuropharmacology. 1997 Apr-May;36(4-5):621-9. [9225287 ]
Target Details
4. Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter
General Function:
Monoamine transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A3
Uniprot ID:
Q01959
Molecular Weight:
68494.255 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.268 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.4 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.49 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.963 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Dissociation0.49 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Carlier PR, Lo MM, Lo PC, Richelson E, Tatsumi M, Reynolds IJ, Sharma TA: Synthesis of a potent wide-spectrum serotonin-, norepinephrine-, dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) and a species-selective dopamine-reuptake inhibitor based on the gamma-amino alcohol functional group. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Mar 3;8(5):487-92. [9871604 ]
  2. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
  3. Mattson RJ, Catt JD, Denhart DJ, Deskus JA, Ditta JL, Higgins MA, Marcin LR, Sloan CP, Beno BR, Gao Q, Cunningham MA, Mattson GK, Molski TF, Taber MT, Lodge NJ: Conformationally restricted homotryptamines. 2. Indole cyclopropylmethylamines as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2005 Sep 22;48(19):6023-34. [16162005 ]
  4. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
Target Details
5. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
General Function:
Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.
Gene Name:
CHRM1
Uniprot ID:
P11229
Molecular Weight:
51420.375 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.072 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.3 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
  2. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
  3. Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E: Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells by antidepressants and antihistaminics. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 9;45(11):2352-4. [8100134 ]
Target Details
6. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity and activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that regulates the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Plays a role in the regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine release and in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism. Plays a role in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in the brain, and thereby affects neural activity, mood and behavior. Plays a role in the response to anxiogenic stimuli.
Gene Name:
HTR1A
Uniprot ID:
P08908
Molecular Weight:
46106.335 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Dissociation30 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Langham JJ, Cleves AE, Spitzer R, Kirshner D, Jain AN: Physical binding pocket induction for affinity prediction. J Med Chem. 2009 Oct 8;52(19):6107-25. doi: 10.1021/jm901096y. [19754201 ]
  2. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
Target Details
7. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including ergot alkaloid derivatives, 1-2,5,-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and down-stream signaling cascades and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Regulates neuronal activity via the activation of short transient receptor potential calcium channels in the brain, and thereby modulates the activation of pro-opiomelacortin neurons and the release of CRH that then regulates the release of corticosterone. Plays a role in the regulation of appetite and eating behavior, responses to anxiogenic stimuli and stress. Plays a role in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
Gene Name:
HTR2C
Uniprot ID:
P28335
Molecular Weight:
51820.705 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
  2. Bonhaus DW, Weinhardt KK, Taylor M, DeSouza A, McNeeley PM, Szczepanski K, Fontana DJ, Trinh J, Rocha CL, Dawson MW, Flippin LA, Eglen RM: RS-102221: a novel high affinity and selective, 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Neuropharmacology. 1997 Apr-May;36(4-5):621-9. [9225287 ]
Target Details
8. Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
General Function:
Thioesterase binding
Specific Function:
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol.
Gene Name:
ADRA2A
Uniprot ID:
P08913
Molecular Weight:
48956.275 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory3.915 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB: Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1305-22. [9400006 ]
  2. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
Target Details
9. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
General Function:
G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. Signaling promotes phospholipase C activity, leading to the release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3); this then triggers calcium ion release into the cytosol.
Gene Name:
CHRM2
Uniprot ID:
P08172
Molecular Weight:
51714.605 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.108 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
Inhibitory0.34 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
  2. Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E: Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells by antidepressants and antihistaminics. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 9;45(11):2352-4. [8100134 ]
Target Details
10. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
General Function:
Receptor activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.
Gene Name:
CHRM3
Uniprot ID:
P20309
Molecular Weight:
66127.445 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.08 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
  2. Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E: Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells by antidepressants and antihistaminics. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 9;45(11):2352-4. [8100134 ]
Target Details
11. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4
General Function:
Guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is inhibition of adenylate cyclase.
Gene Name:
CHRM4
Uniprot ID:
P08173
Molecular Weight:
53048.65 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.32 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
  2. Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E: Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells by antidepressants and antihistaminics. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 9;45(11):2352-4. [8100134 ]
Target Details
12. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various ergot alkaloid derivatives and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and down-stream signaling cascades and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Plays a role in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release, 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake and in the regulation of extracellular dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels, and thereby affects neural activity. May play a role in the perception of pain. Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including impulsive behavior. Required for normal proliferation of embryonic cardiac myocytes and normal heart development. Protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis. Plays a role in the adaptation of pulmonary arteries to chronic hypoxia. Plays a role in vasoconstriction. Required for normal osteoblast function and proliferation, and for maintaining normal bone density. Required for normal proliferation of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the intestine.
Gene Name:
HTR2B
Uniprot ID:
P41595
Molecular Weight:
54297.41 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Bonhaus DW, Weinhardt KK, Taylor M, DeSouza A, McNeeley PM, Szczepanski K, Fontana DJ, Trinh J, Rocha CL, Dawson MW, Flippin LA, Eglen RM: RS-102221: a novel high affinity and selective, 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Neuropharmacology. 1997 Apr-May;36(4-5):621-9. [9225287 ]
Target Details
13. Cytochrome P450 2D6
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular Weight:
55768.94 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory4.85 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Fontana E, Dansette PM, Poli SM: Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity. Curr Drug Metab. 2005 Oct;6(5):413-54. [16248836 ]
Target Details
14. Histamine H1 receptor
General Function:
Histamine receptor activity
Specific Function:
In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
Gene Name:
HRH1
Uniprot ID:
P35367
Molecular Weight:
55783.61 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
Target Details
15. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5
General Function:
Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.
Gene Name:
CHRM5
Uniprot ID:
P08912
Molecular Weight:
60073.205 Da
References
  1. Cusack B, Nelson A, Richelson E: Binding of antidepressants to human brain receptors: focus on newer generation compounds. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 May;114(4):559-65. [7855217 ]
Target Details
16. P2X purinoceptor 4
General Function:
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:
Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated ion channel. This receptor is insensitive to the antagonists PPADS and suramin.
Gene Name:
P2RX4
Uniprot ID:
Q99571
Molecular Weight:
43368.725 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC501.87 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Hernandez-Olmos V, Abdelrahman A, El-Tayeb A, Freudendahl D, Weinhausen S, Muller CE: N-substituted phenoxazine and acridone derivatives: structure-activity relationships of potent P2X4 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2012 Nov 26;55(22):9576-88. doi: 10.1021/jm300845v. Epub 2012 Nov 1. [23075067 ]
Target Details
17. Substance-P receptor
General Function:
Tachykinin receptor activity
Specific Function:
This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance P. It is probably associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance P > substance K > neuromedin-K.
Gene Name:
TACR1
Uniprot ID:
P25103
Molecular Weight:
46250.5 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC500.9 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 22416
References
  1. Wu YJ, He H, Bertekap R, Westphal R, Lelas S, Newton A, Wallace T, Taber M, Davis C, Macor JE, Bronson J: Discovery of disubstituted piperidines and homopiperidines as potent dual NK1 receptor antagonists-serotonin reuptake transporter inhibitors for the treatment of depression. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Apr 15;21(8):2217-28. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.010. Epub 2013 Feb 19. [23477943 ]