Record Information |
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Version | 2.0 |
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Creation Date | 2009-06-17 21:02:15 UTC |
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Update Date | 2014-12-24 20:22:55 UTC |
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Accession Number | T3D0890 |
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Identification |
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Common Name | Pendimethalin |
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Class | Small Molecule |
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Description | Pendimethalin is a preemergent herbicide used to prevent crabgrass from germinating. Pendimethalin was included in a biocide ban proposed by the Swedish Chemicals Agency and approved by the European Parliament in January 13, 2009 (6). |
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Compound Type | - Amine
- Aromatic Hydrocarbon
- Herbicide
- Household Toxin
- Lachrymator
- Organic Compound
- Organochloride
- Pesticide
- Synthetic Compound
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Chemical Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | 3,4-Dimethyl-2,6-dinitro-N-(1-ethylpropyl)aniline | Accotab | Caswell No. 454BB | Go-go-san | Herbadox | Herbodox | N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine | N-(1-Ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline | N-(1-Ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine | N-(3-Pentyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitroaniline | Pay-off | Pendimethaline | Penoxalin | Penoxyn | Pentagon | Phenoxalin | Pre-M 60DG | Prowl | Prowl 3.3E | Prowl 4E | Sipaxol | Southern weed grass control | Stomp | Stomp 330D | Stomp 330E | Stomp h | SWGC | Tendimethalin | Wax up | Way up | Wayup |
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Chemical Formula | C13H19N3O4 |
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Average Molecular Mass | 281.308 g/mol |
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Monoisotopic Mass | 281.138 g/mol |
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CAS Registry Number | 40487-42-1 |
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IUPAC Name | 3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitro-N-(pentan-3-yl)aniline |
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Traditional Name | way up |
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SMILES | CCC(CC)NC1=C(C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C13H19N3O4/c1-5-10(6-2)14-12-11(15(17)18)7-8(3)9(4)13(12)16(19)20/h7,10,14H,5-6H2,1-4H3 |
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InChI Key | InChIKey=CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dinitroanilines. These are organic compounds containing an aniline moiety, which is substituted at 2 positions by a nitro group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Aniline and substituted anilines |
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Direct Parent | Dinitroanilines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Dinitroaniline
- Nitrobenzene
- Nitrotoluene
- Phenylalkylamine
- Nitroaromatic compound
- Xylene
- O-xylene
- Secondary aliphatic/aromatic amine
- C-nitro compound
- Organic nitro compound
- Organic oxoazanium
- Secondary amine
- Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
- Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic zwitterion
- Amine
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Biological Properties |
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Status | Detected and Not Quantified |
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Origin | Exogenous |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biofluid Locations | Not Available |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Applications | Not Available |
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Biological Roles | Not Available |
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Chemical Roles | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Appearance | Orange-yellow crystals (4). |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value |
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Melting Point | 56°C | Boiling Point | Not Available | Solubility | 0.0003 mg/mL at 20°C [TOMLIN,C (1997)] | LogP | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | Spectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-03di-2190000000-0eb48b441cfd67f91051 | 2021-09-23 | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-002b-0900000000-1124a2ab0e02590841f0 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 60V, Positive | splash10-00kg-3900000000-c8b5aaad7e1660fb8163 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 45V, Positive | splash10-0297-2910000000-b484f99c74bd5885b936 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Positive | splash10-03di-0090000000-e5b0cb75fb9100293a0a | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 55V, Positive | splash10-03di-0090000000-1a42c5869d2756d25804 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Positive | splash10-03fr-2980000000-abaf73326bea0690072e | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 15V, Positive | splash10-03di-0090000000-b82c77870e70301ba65d | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 55V, Positive | splash10-00mn-1900000000-5c62bdea59694da44c70 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 80V, Positive | splash10-0fr7-3900000000-29fccd1614d8083b5ef1 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positive | splash10-03di-0390000000-abf36ca529adebb5ded3 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Positive | splash10-014l-9800000000-10a009231153a223ecaf | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 75V, Positive | splash10-00kg-5900000000-5758bc0a45fdc9d53407 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 50V, Positive | splash10-0002-0900000000-86ff6c4d818fdb9cf7ad | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 50V, Positive | splash10-0002-0900000000-ff2e937e85012fa0a2e7 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positive | splash10-01r5-0920000000-0e330e39990dcf5e4300 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-002b-0900000000-9165c0d471cd1a542ba0 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03di-0490000000-eb50cf95d5f3c0fcec3c | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-03di-0090000000-aa7e3dcd894241a05706 | 2021-09-20 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-001i-1090000000-b42ada96d131b12ec1cf | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-05fr-1090000000-64c713bc372170357a7e | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-00di-9020000000-a1d45e05bba4c7623a01 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-001i-0090000000-8662412b6faad754679a | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-001i-0090000000-1f45ad080ef2f91e7c2a | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-00di-4190000000-f588e443de7d72c5fea9 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0udi-6970000000-c257c6cd513d6c161144 | 2014-09-20 | View Spectrum |
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Toxicity Profile |
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Route of Exposure | Inhalation (8) ; oral (8) ; dermal (8). |
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Mechanism of Toxicity | Inhibits cell division and cell elongation (6). |
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Metabolism | Pendimethalin which does become absorbed into the bloodstream from the gastrointestinal tract is rapidly metabolized in the kidneys and liver and is then excreted in the urine. The major metabolic routes of pendimethalin involved hydroxylation of the 4-methyl and the N-1-ethyl group, oxidation of these alkyl groups to carboxylic acids, nitro reduction, cyclization, and conjugation based on the identification of the 12 metabolites in urine and tissues. Products of cyclization reactions giving rise to methylbenzimidazole carboxylic acids were unique to liver and kidney (2, 7). |
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Toxicity Values | LD50: >5000 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (7)
LD50: >5000 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) (7) |
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Lethal Dose | Not Available |
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Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
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Uses/Sources | Pendimethalin is a selective herbicide used to control most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds in field corn, potatoes, rice, cotton, soybeans, tobacco, peanuts and sunflowers. It is used both preemergence, that is before weed seeds have sprouted, and early postemergence (1). |
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Minimum Risk Level | Not Available |
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Health Effects | Poisoning can produce an allergic hypersensitivity dermatitis or asthma with bronchospasm and wheezing with chronic exposure. Moreover, abnormalities of the hematopoietic system, liver, and kidneys may follow (3). |
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Symptoms | Symptoms include headache, dizziness, weakness, and nausea. Irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, burns of the esophagus or gastrointestinal tract may follow, depending on the route of exposure (3).
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Treatment | In case of oral exposure, administer charcoal as a slurry. Consider gastric lavage after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg and left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first. In case of inhalation, move patient to fresh air, monitor for respiratory distress. If the exposure occurred via eye contact, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water if the exposure occurred via dermal contact. (3) |
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Normal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound ID | 38479 |
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ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL1256630 |
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ChemSpider ID | 35265 |
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KEGG ID | C11019 |
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UniProt ID | Not Available |
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OMIM ID | |
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ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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CTD ID | C030856 |
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Stitch ID | Pendimethalin |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ACToR ID | 6504 |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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MSDS | T3D0890.pdf |
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General References | - Bychkov PV, Shekhovtsova TN, Milaeva ER: Inhibition of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase by methyltin compounds. Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2005:191-9. doi: 10.1155/BCA.2005.191. [18365099 ]
- Matsumoto M, Kojima T, Togashi H, Mori K, Ohashi S, Ueno K, Yoshioka M: Differential characteristics of endogenous serotonin-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 fields of anaesthetized rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;366(6):570-7. Epub 2002 Oct 1. [12444499 ]
- Rumack BH (2009). POISINDEX(R) Information System. Englewood, CO: Micromedex, Inc. CCIS Volume 141, edition expires Aug, 2009.
- Hartley D and Kidd H (1987). The Agrochemicals Handbook. 2nd ed. Lechworth, Herts, England: The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Zulalian, J. 1990. Study of the absorption, excretion, metabolism, and residues in tissues of rats treated with carbon-14-labeled pendimethalin, Prowl herbicide. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 1743-54.
- Wikipedia. Pendimethalin. Last Updated 14 June 2009. [Link]
- Extension Toxicology Network (1993). [Link]
- ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1992). Toxicological profile for antimony. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]
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Gene Regulation |
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Up-Regulated Genes | Not Available |
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Down-Regulated Genes | Not Available |
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