Pseudoephedrine (T3D4555)

General Function:

Protein heterodimerization activity

Specific Function:

This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins. Nuclear ADRA1A-ADRA1B heterooligomers regulate phenylephrine(PE)-stimulated ERK signaling in cardiac myocytes.

Gene Name:

ADRA1A

Uniprot ID:

P35348

Molecular Weight:

51486.005 Da

References

1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
3. Wellington K, Jarvis B: Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine. Drugs. 2001;61(15):2231-40; discussion 2241-2. [11772135 ]

General Function:

Protein homodimerization activity

Specific Function:

Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine.

Gene Name:

ADRB2

Uniprot ID:

P07550

Molecular Weight:

46458.32 Da

References

1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
3. Vansal SS, Feller DR: Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 1;58(5):807-10. [10449190 ]

General Function:

Thioesterase binding

Specific Function:

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol.

Gene Name:

ADRA2A

Uniprot ID:

P08913

Molecular Weight:

48956.275 Da

References

1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]

General Function:

Monoamine transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function:

Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.

Gene Name:

SLC6A3

Uniprot ID:

Q01959

Molecular Weight:

68494.255 Da

References

1. Wee S, Ordway GA, Woolverton WL: Reinforcing effect of pseudoephedrine isomers and the mechanism of action. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Jun 16;493(1-3):117-25. [15189772 ]
2. Foley KF, Van Dort ME, Sievert MK, Ruoho AE, Cozzi NV: Stereospecific inhibition of monoamine uptake transporters by meta-hydroxyephedrine isomers. J Neural Transm. 2002 Oct;109(10):1229-40. [12373557 ]

General Function:

Norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity

Specific Function:

Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.

Gene Name:

SLC6A2

Uniprot ID:

P23975

Molecular Weight:

69331.42 Da

References

1. Wee S, Ordway GA, Woolverton WL: Reinforcing effect of pseudoephedrine isomers and the mechanism of action. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Jun 16;493(1-3):117-25. [15189772 ]
2. Foley KF, Van Dort ME, Sievert MK, Ruoho AE, Cozzi NV: Stereospecific inhibition of monoamine uptake transporters by meta-hydroxyephedrine isomers. J Neural Transm. 2002 Oct;109(10):1229-40. [12373557 ]

General Function:

Tumor necrosis factor receptor binding

Specific Function:

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918).The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells.

Gene Name:

TNF

Uniprot ID:

P01375

Molecular Weight:

25644.15 Da

References

1. Wu Z, Kong X, Zhang T, Ye J, Fang Z, Yang X: Pseudoephedrine/ephedrine shows potent anti-inflammatory activity against TNF-alpha-mediated acute liver failure induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Feb 5;724:112-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.11.032. Epub 2013 Dec 21. [24365491 ]
2. Fiebich BL, Collado JA, Stratz C, Valina C, Hochholzer W, Munoz E, Bellido LM: Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-kappaB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2012 Feb;34(1):98-106. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2011.582118. Epub 2011 Jun 2. [21631396 ]

General Function:

Receptor signaling protein activity

Specific Function:

Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately equal affinity. Mediates Ras activation through G(s)-alpha- and cAMP-mediated signaling.

Gene Name:

ADRB1

Uniprot ID:

P08588

Molecular Weight:

51322.1 Da

References

1. Vansal SS, Feller DR: Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 1;58(5):807-10. [10449190 ]

General Function:

Kinase activator activity

Specific Function:

Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells.

Gene Name:

IL2

Uniprot ID:

P60568

Molecular Weight:

17627.52 Da

References

1. Fiebich BL, Collado JA, Stratz C, Valina C, Hochholzer W, Munoz E, Bellido LM: Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-kappaB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2012 Feb;34(1):98-106. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2011.582118. Epub 2011 Jun 2. [21631396 ]

References

1. Fiebich BL, Collado JA, Stratz C, Valina C, Hochholzer W, Munoz E, Bellido LM: Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-kappaB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2012 Feb;34(1):98-106. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2011.582118. Epub 2011 Jun 2. [21631396 ]

General Function:

Transcriptional activator activity, rna polymerase ii distal enhancer sequence-specific binding

Specific Function:

Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2 or IL-4 gene transcription. Also controls gene expression in embryonic cardiac cells. Could regulate not only the activation and proliferation but also the differentiation and programmed death of T-lymphocytes as well as lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells.

Gene Name:

NFATC1

Uniprot ID:

O95644

Molecular Weight:

101241.73 Da

References

1. Fiebich BL, Collado JA, Stratz C, Valina C, Hochholzer W, Munoz E, Bellido LM: Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-kappaB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2012 Feb;34(1):98-106. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2011.582118. Epub 2011 Jun 2. [21631396 ]

General Function:

Serotonin:sodium symporter activity

Specific Function:

Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner.

Gene Name:

SLC6A4

Uniprot ID:

P31645

Molecular Weight:

70324.165 Da

References

1. Wee S, Ordway GA, Woolverton WL: Reinforcing effect of pseudoephedrine isomers and the mechanism of action. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Jun 16;493(1-3):117-25. [15189772 ]

General Function:

Transcriptional activator activity, rna polymerase ii transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding

Specific Function:

This protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE) of HTLV-I. Mediates PKA-induced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes. Represses the expression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes. Triggers cell proliferation and transformation.

Included Proteins:

P18846 , P15336 , P18847 , P18848 , Q9Y2D1 , P18850 , P17544 , Q8WYK2 , P01100 , P05412

References

1. Fiebich BL, Collado JA, Stratz C, Valina C, Hochholzer W, Munoz E, Bellido LM: Pseudoephedrine inhibits T-cell activation by targeting NF-kappaB, NFAT and AP-1 signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2012 Feb;34(1):98-106. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2011.582118. Epub 2011 Jun 2. [21631396 ]