Anidulafungin (T3D2763)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (6)XML
Targets (6)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:26:41 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:51 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2763
Identification
Common NameAnidulafungin
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionAnidulafungin or Eraxis is an anti-fungal drug manufactured by Pfizer that gained approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in February 21, 2006; it was previously known as LY303366. There is preliminary evidence that it has a similar safety profile to caspofungin.
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Antibiotic, Antifungal
  • Antifungal Agent
  • Drug
  • Ester
  • Ether
  • Food Toxin
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
Synonym
(4R,5R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-N²-[[4''-(pentyloxy)-p-terphenyl-4-yl]carbonyl]-L-ornithyl-L-threonyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-(S)-4-hydroxy-4(p-hydroxyphenyl)-L-threonyl-L-threonyl-(3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-L-proline cyclic (6->1)-peptide
Anidulafungina
Anidulafungine
Anidulafunginum
Ecalta
Eraxis
V-Echinocandin
Chemical FormulaC58H73N7O17
Average Molecular Mass1140.237 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass1139.506 g/mol
CAS Registry Number166663-25-8
IUPAC NameN-[(3S,6S,9S,11R,15S,18S,20R,21R,24S,25S,26S)-6-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-11,20,21,25-tetrahydroxy-3,15-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-26-methyl-2,5,8,14,17,23-hexaoxo-1,4,7,13,16,22-hexaazatricyclo[22.3.0.0⁹,¹³]heptacosan-18-yl]-4-{4-[4-(pentyloxy)phenyl]phenyl}benzamide
Traditional Nameanidulafungin
SMILES[H][C@](C)(O)[C@]1([H])N=C(O)[C@]([H])(C[C@@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(O)N=C(O)[C@@]2([H])N(C[C@]([H])(C)[C@]2([H])O)C(=O)[C@@]([H])(N=C(O)[C@@]([H])(N=C(O)[C@]2([H])C[C@@]([H])(O)CN2C1=O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1)[C@@]([H])(C)O)NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=C(OCCCCC)C=C1
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C58H73N7O17/c1-5-6-7-24-82-40-22-18-35(19-23-40)33-10-8-32(9-11-33)34-12-14-37(15-13-34)51(74)59-41-26-43(70)54(77)63-56(79)47-48(71)29(2)27-65(47)58(81)45(31(4)67)61-55(78)46(50(73)49(72)36-16-20-38(68)21-17-36)62-53(76)42-25-39(69)28-64(42)57(80)44(30(3)66)60-52(41)75/h8-23,29-31,39,41-50,54,66-73,77H,5-7,24-28H2,1-4H3,(H,59,74)(H,60,75)(H,61,78)(H,62,76)(H,63,79)/t29-,30+,31+,39+,41-,42-,43+,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,54+/m0/s1
InChI KeyInChIKey=JHVAMHSQVVQIOT-MFAJLEFUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidones. Pyrimidones are compounds that contain a pyrimidine ring, which bears a ketone. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassDiazines
Sub ClassPyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives
Direct ParentPyrimidones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Pyrimidone
  • Hydropyrimidine
  • Imidolactam
  • Organophosphonic acid
  • Organophosphonic acid derivative
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organophosphorus compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
Applications
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityPractically insoluble
LogP2.9
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.056 g/LALOGPS
logP1.87ALOGPS
logP-1.5ChemAxon
logS-4.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.46ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count17ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count14ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area377.42 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count14ChemAxon
Refractivity292.29 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability122.38 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings7ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0uk9-0900000000-796d08ab3a918780ed582016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0uk9-2901000001-b967b97492df038b22282016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00kf-6940121103-1ffee80492a108a9ab342016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0umu-8900000000-f3d09209ecd555a281502017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0ftf-9400000005-0db24177f2efbcd598562017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0fdx-9120000101-b911329bff55a73c856c2017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00dl-5900000000-fd5272e67805a955d8682021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0fkc-5911000000-c9996a3d915462fc95ac2021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-8691001003-a9aabd89fd55043f4ecf2021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004s-9500000005-47bc884c5a1cca2e1ca02021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-004i-9100000004-1bfb82e496d783ebd9652021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000f-8700001219-2246d0f5f1a232a20f9b2021-09-24View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureInjection
Mechanism of ToxicityAnidulafungin is a semi-synthetic echinocandin with antifungal activity. Anidulafungin inhibits glucan synthase, an enzyme present in fungal, but not mammalian cells. This results in inhibition of the formation of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, ultimately leading to osmotic instability and cell death.
MetabolismHepatic metabolism of anidulafungin has not been observed. Anidulafungin is not a clinically relevant substrate, inducer, or inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes. Anidulafungin undergoes slow chemical degradation at physiologic temperature and pH to a ring-opened peptide that lacks antifungal activity. Route of Elimination: Less than 1% of the administered radioactive dose was excreted in the urine. Anidulafungin is not hepatically metabolized. Half Life: 40-50 hours
Toxicity ValuesDuring clinical trials a single 400 mg dose of anidulafungin was inadvertently administered as a loading dose. No clinical adverse events were reported. The maximum non-lethal dose of anidulafungin in rats was 50 mg/kg, a dose which is equivalent to 10 times the recommended daily dose for esophageal candidiasis (50mg/day).
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesFor use in the treatment of the following fungal infections: Candidemia and other forms of Candida infections (intra-abdominal abscess, and peritonitis), Aspergillus infections, and esophageal candidiasis. Also considered an alternative treatment for oropharyngeal canaidiasis.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsPossible side effects include allergic reaction; bronchospasm; fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms, sores in mouth and throat; nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); low potassium; hot flashes; diarrhea or constipation; nausea, vomiting. (10)
SymptomsDuring clinical trials a single 400 mg dose of anidulafungin was inadvertently administered as a loading dose. No clinical adverse events were reported. The maximum non-lethal dose of anidulafungin in rats was 50 mg/kg, a dose which is equivalent to 10 times the recommended daily dose for esophageal candidiasis (50mg/day).
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB00362
HMDB IDHMDB14506
PubChem Compound ID166548
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL264241
ChemSpider ID145752
KEGG IDNot Available
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID55346
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDAnidulafungin
PDB IDNot Available
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAnidulafungin
References
Synthesis Reference

Scott Jenkins, Gary Liversidge, Deborah Neville, “Nanoparticulate Anidulafungin Compositions and Methods for Making the Same.” U.S. Patent US20090238867, issued September 24, 2009.

MSDST3D2763.pdf
General References
  1. Cappelletty D, Eiselstein-McKitrick K: The echinocandins. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Mar;27(3):369-88. [17316149 ]
  2. Vazquez JA: Anidulafungin: a new echinocandin with a novel profile. Clin Ther. 2005 Jun;27(6):657-73. [16117974 ]
  3. Grover ND: Echinocandins: A ray of hope in antifungal drug therapy. Indian J Pharmacol. 2010 Feb;42(1):9-11. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.62396. [20606829 ]
  4. Vazquez JA: The safety of anidulafungin. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2006 Nov;5(6):751-8. [17044802 ]
  5. Menichetti F: Anidulafungin, a new echinocandin: effectiveness and tolerability. Drugs. 2009;69 Suppl 1:95-7. doi: 10.2165/11315570-000000000-00000. [19877741 ]
  6. Vazquez JA, Sobel JD: Anidulafungin: a novel echinocandin. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Jul 15;43(2):215-22. Epub 2006 Jun 9. [16779750 ]
  7. Estes KE, Penzak SR, Calis KA, Walsh TJ: Pharmacology and antifungal properties of anidulafungin, a new echinocandin. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Jan;29(1):17-30. doi: 10.1592/phco.29.1.17. [19113794 ]
  8. Morace G, Borghi E, Iatta R, Montagna MT: Anidulafungin, a new echinocandin: in vitro activity. Drugs. 2009;69 Suppl 1:91-4. doi: 10.2165/11315560-000000000-00000. [19877740 ]
  9. Drugs.com [Link]
  10. RxList: The Internet Drug Index (2009). [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. 1,3-beta-glucan synthase component FKS1
General Function:
1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase activity
Specific Function:
Catalytic subunit of the 1,3-beta-glucan synthase. Synthesizes 1,3-beta-glucan, a major structural component of the cell wall. Involved in cell wall synthesis, maintenance and cell wall remodeling (By similarity).
Gene Name:
fksA
Uniprot ID:
A2QLK4
Molecular Weight:
216972.8 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
  3. Anidulafungin: ECB, LY 303366, V-echinocandin, VEC, VER 002, VER-02. Drugs R D. 2003;4(3):167-73. [12757403 ]
  4. Georgopapadakou NH: Update on antifungals targeted to the cell wall: focus on beta-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2001 Feb;10(2):269-80. [11178340 ]
Target Details
2. Cytochrome P450 1A2
General Function:
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular Weight:
58293.76 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC50>17.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50417554
References
  1. Damle BD, Dowell JA, Walsky RL, Weber GL, Stogniew M, Inskeep PB: In vitro and in vivo studies to characterize the clearance mechanism and potential cytochrome P450 interactions of anidulafungin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar;53(3):1149-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01279-08. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [19029327 ]
Target Details
3. Cytochrome P450 2B6
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
Gene Name:
CYP2B6
Uniprot ID:
P20813
Molecular Weight:
56277.81 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC50>17.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50417554
References
  1. Damle BD, Dowell JA, Walsky RL, Weber GL, Stogniew M, Inskeep PB: In vitro and in vivo studies to characterize the clearance mechanism and potential cytochrome P450 interactions of anidulafungin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar;53(3):1149-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01279-08. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [19029327 ]
Target Details
4. Cytochrome P450 2C19
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Gene Name:
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID:
P33261
Molecular Weight:
55930.545 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC50>17.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50417554
References
  1. Damle BD, Dowell JA, Walsky RL, Weber GL, Stogniew M, Inskeep PB: In vitro and in vivo studies to characterize the clearance mechanism and potential cytochrome P450 interactions of anidulafungin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar;53(3):1149-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01279-08. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [19029327 ]
Target Details
5. Cytochrome P450 2C9
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular Weight:
55627.365 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC50>17.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50417554
References
  1. Damle BD, Dowell JA, Walsky RL, Weber GL, Stogniew M, Inskeep PB: In vitro and in vivo studies to characterize the clearance mechanism and potential cytochrome P450 interactions of anidulafungin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar;53(3):1149-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01279-08. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [19029327 ]
Target Details
6. Cytochrome P450 2D6
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular Weight:
55768.94 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
IC50>17.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50417554
References
  1. Damle BD, Dowell JA, Walsky RL, Weber GL, Stogniew M, Inskeep PB: In vitro and in vivo studies to characterize the clearance mechanism and potential cytochrome P450 interactions of anidulafungin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar;53(3):1149-56. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01279-08. Epub 2008 Nov 24. [19029327 ]