Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:26:13 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:49 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2705
Identification
Common NameFluvoxamine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionFluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions pharmacologically as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Though it is in the same class as other SSRI drugs, it is most often used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. Fluvoxamine has been in use in clinical practice since 1983 and has a clinical trial database comprised of approximately 35,000 patients. It was launched in the US in December 1994 and in Japan in June 1999. As of the end of 1995, more than 10 million patients worldwide have been treated with fluvoxamine.
Compound Type
  • Amine
  • Anti-Anxiety Agent
  • Antidepressant
  • Antidepressant, Second-Generation
  • Antidepressive Agent, Second-Generation
  • Drug
  • Ether
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
  • Serotonin Uptake Inhibitor
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Synonym
Dumirox
Faverin
Fevarin
Floxyfral
Fluvoxamina
Fluvoxamine maleate
Fluvoxamine-CR
Fluvoxaminum
Luvox
Maveral
Chemical FormulaC15H21F3N2O2
Average Molecular Mass318.335 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass318.156 g/mol
CAS Registry Number54739-18-3
IUPAC Name(2-aminoethoxy)({5-methoxy-1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pentylidene})amine
Traditional Nameluvox
SMILESCOCCCC\C(=N/OCCN)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C15H21F3N2O2/c1-21-10-3-2-4-14(20-22-11-9-19)12-5-7-13(8-6-12)15(16,17)18/h5-8H,2-4,9-11,19H2,1H3/b20-14+
InChI KeyInChIKey=CJOFXWAVKWHTFT-XSFVSMFZSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as trifluoromethylbenzenes. These are organofluorine compounds that contain a benzene ring substituted with one or more trifluoromethyl groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassTrifluoromethylbenzenes
Direct ParentTrifluoromethylbenzenes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Trifluoromethylbenzene
  • Dialkyl ether
  • Ether
  • Alkyl fluoride
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Alkyl halide
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
Applications
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point120-121.5°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility7.34e-03 g/L
LogP3.2
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0073 g/LALOGPS
logP2.89ALOGPS
logP2.8ChemAxon
logS-4.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.16ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area56.84 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count10ChemAxon
Refractivity79.2 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability32.44 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-000y-9050000000-9f5fd5838cffb95c77dc2017-08-28View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positivesplash10-066r-0179000000-511765bf69bd5c60c5432017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - , positivesplash10-066r-0179000000-511765bf69bd5c60c5432017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Positivesplash10-0udi-0390000000-54678a8e243c405d34d32021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0ue9-0950000000-33c5386b88efe1870f952021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0zi0-0090000000-973c1e0254ef4a22f2662021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-0029000000-60e771618139ce10e0862021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 50V, Positivesplash10-001j-0910000000-865bfd124b5bc4decaea2021-09-20View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014l-4097000000-bd73d7b04a9cbd6e10a22017-07-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0006-7191000000-b8ff0c1ca5bbe3302bf62017-07-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-01vx-9260000000-61d88b8b55778271c5072017-07-25View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-1049000000-16bb56f2edbb8d4180472017-07-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-1191000000-aa43007dad9f770e769d2017-07-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0bvl-9260000000-8b12b73c65cee8c561ed2017-07-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0ab9-0191000000-77ed45ebfa115b7144ad2021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0007-1191000000-d6d1a7703d9ab9b76a742021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-014i-1295000000-6f4d13fd65d715a1afca2021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-0049000000-f8a69edae3c7eaf023f62021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-01oy-2191000000-65e65dd93d8b182251212021-09-24View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-054o-6291000000-6ee0b334022ccdcfbf3c2021-09-24View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureOral. Well absorbed, bioavailability of fluvoxamine maleate is 53%.
Mechanism of ToxicityThe exact mechanism of action of fluvoxamine has not been fully determined, but appears to be linked to its inhibition of CNS neuronal uptake of serotonin. Fluvoxamine blocks the reuptake of serotonin at the serotonin reuptake pump of the neuronal membrane, enhancing the actions of serotonin on 5HT1A autoreceptors. In-vitro studies suggest that fluvoxamine is more potent than clomipramine, fluoxetine, and desipramine as a serotonin-reuptake inhibitor. Studies have also demonstrated that fluvoxamine has virtually no affinity for alpha1- or alpha2-adrenergic, beta-adrenergic, muscarinic, dopamine D2, histamine H1, GABA-benzodiazepine, opiate, 5-HT1, or 5-HT2 receptors.
MetabolismHepatic Route of Elimination: The main human metabolite was fluvoxamine acid which, together with its N-acetylated analog, accounted for about 60% of the urinary excretion products. Approximately 2% of fluvoxamine was excreted in urine unchanged. Following a 14C-labelled oral dose of fluvoxamine maleate (5 mg), an average of 94% of drug-related products was recovered in the urine within 71 hours. Half Life: 15.6 hours
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesFor management of depression and for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Has also been used in the management of bulimia nervosa.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsNot Available
SymptomsSide effects include anorexia, constipation, dry mouth, headache, nausea, nervousness, skin rash, sleep problems, somnolence, liver toxicity, mania, increase urination, seizures, sweating increase, tremors, or Tourette's syndrome.
TreatmentTreatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any antidepressant. Ensure an adequate airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. Monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. General supportive and symptomatic measures are also recommended. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large-bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion, or in symptomatic patients. Activated charcoal should be administered. Due to the large volume of distribution of this drug, forced diuresis, dialysis, hemoperfusion and exchange transfusion are unlikely to be of benefit. No specific antidotes for fluvoxamine are known. (4)
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB00176
HMDB IDHMDB14322
PubChem Compound ID5324346
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL814
ChemSpider ID3287
KEGG IDC07571
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID5138
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDFluvoxamine
PDB IDFVX
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkFluvoxamine
References
Synthesis Reference

Welle, H.B.A. and Claassen, V.; U.S. Patent 4,085,225; April 18, 1978; assigned to U.S. Phillips Corp.

MSDSLink
General References
  1. Dell'Osso B, Allen A, Hollander E: Fluvoxamine: a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Dec;6(15):2727-40. [16316311 ]
  2. Irons J: Fluvoxamine in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2005 Dec;1(4):289-99. [18568110 ]
  3. Drugs.com [Link]
  4. RxList: The Internet Drug Index (2009). [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

General Function:
Serotonin:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function:
Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner.
Gene Name:
SLC6A4
Uniprot ID:
P31645
Molecular Weight:
70324.165 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.0016 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory0.0022 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory0.0023 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory0.011 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory0.014 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
References
  1. Kakiuchi T, Tsukada H, Fukumoto D, Nishiyama S: Effects of aging on serotonin transporter availability and its response to fluvoxamine in the living brain: PET study with [(11)C](+)McN5652 and [(11)C](-)McN5652 in conscious monkeys. Synapse. 2001 Jun 1;40(3):170-9. [11304754 ]
  2. Yoshida K, Ito K, Sato K, Takahashi H, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Tezuka T, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K, Otani K: Influence of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region on the antidepressant response to fluvoxamine in Japanese depressed patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Feb;26(2):383-6. [11817517 ]
  3. Miolo G, Caffieri S, Levorato L, Imbesi M, Giusti P, Uz T, Manev R, Manev H: Photoisomerization of fluvoxamine generates an isomer that has reduced activity on the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter and does not affect cell proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 30;450(3):223-9. [12208313 ]
  4. Suhara T, Takano A, Sudo Y, Ichimiya T, Inoue M, Yasuno F, Ikoma Y, Okubo Y: High levels of serotonin transporter occupancy with low-dose clomipramine in comparative occupancy study with fluvoxamine using positron emission tomography. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;60(4):386-91. [12695316 ]
  5. Inoue K: [Analysis and its application for prevention of side-effects of drugs and for evaluation of drug responsiveness]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2004 Jun;124(6):293-9. [15170064 ]
  6. Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB: Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1305-22. [9400006 ]
  7. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
  8. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
General Function:
Serotonin receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity and activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that regulates the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Plays a role in the regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine release and in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism. Plays a role in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in the brain, and thereby affects neural activity, mood and behavior. Plays a role in the response to anxiogenic stimuli.
Gene Name:
HTR1A
Uniprot ID:
P08908
Molecular Weight:
46106.335 Da
References
  1. Nomoto M, Iwata S: [Functions and metabolic rates of transmitters in the basal ganglia]. Nihon Rinsho. 2000 Oct;58(10):1987-93. [11068436 ]
  2. David DJ, Bourin M, Hascoet M, Colombel MC, Baker GB, Jolliet P: Comparison of antidepressant activity in 4- and 40-week-old male mice in the forced swimming test: involvement of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors in old mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Feb;153(4):443-9. [11243491 ]
  3. de Jongh R, Groenink L, van Der Gugten J, Olivier B: The light-enhanced startle paradigm as a putative animal model for anxiety: effects of chlordiazepoxide, flesinoxan and fluvoxamine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Jan;159(2):176-80. Epub 2001 Sep 22. [11862346 ]
  4. Matsumoto M, Kojima T, Togashi H, Mori K, Ohashi S, Ueno K, Yoshioka M: Differential characteristics of endogenous serotonin-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 fields of anaesthetized rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;366(6):570-7. Epub 2002 Oct 1. [12444499 ]
  5. Kojima T, Matsumoto M, Togashi H, Tachibana K, Kemmotsu O, Yoshioka M: Fluvoxamine suppresses the long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 field of anesthetized rats: an effect mediated via 5-HT1A receptors. Brain Res. 2003 Jan 3;959(1):165-8. [12480170 ]
General Function:
Virus receptor activity
Specific Function:
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates phospholipase C and a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores. Affects neural activity, perception, cognition and mood. Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including responses to anxiogenic situations and psychoactive substances. Plays a role in intestinal smooth muscle contraction, and may play a role in arterial vasoconstriction.(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for human JC polyomavirus/JCPyV.
Gene Name:
HTR2A
Uniprot ID:
P28223
Molecular Weight:
52602.58 Da
References
  1. McMahon LR, Cunningham KA: Role of 5-HT(2a) and 5-HT(2B/2C) receptors in the behavioral interactions between serotonin and catecholamine reuptake inhibitors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Mar;24(3):319-29. [11166521 ]
  2. Winter JC, Fiorella DJ, Helsley SE, Rabin RA: Partial generalization of (-)DOM to fluvoxamine in the rat: implications for SSRI-induced mania and psychosis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 1999 Sep;2(3):165-172. [11281985 ]
  3. Sato K, Yoshida K, Takahashi H, Ito K, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Tezuka T, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K, Otani K: Association between -1438G/A promoter polymorphism in the 5-HT(2A) receptor gene and fluvoxamine response in Japanese patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychobiology. 2002;46(3):136-40. [12422060 ]
  4. Millan MJ, Veiga S, Girardon S, Brocco M: Blockade of serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A receptors suppresses the induction of locomotor activity by 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, citalopram and fluvoxamine, in NMRI mice exposed to a novel environment: a comparison to other 5-HT receptor subtypes. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Aug;168(4):397-409. Epub 2003 Apr 30. [12721776 ]
  5. Yoshida K, Naito S, Takahashi H, Sato K, Ito K, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T: Monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphism, 5-HT 2A receptor gene polymorphism and incidence of nausea induced by fluvoxamine. Neuropsychobiology. 2003;48(1):10-3. [12886034 ]
General Function:
Monoamine transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A3
Uniprot ID:
Q01959
Molecular Weight:
68494.255 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory0.00146 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory0.00308 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory9.2 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
References
  1. Goodman MM, Chen P, Plisson C, Martarello L, Galt J, Votaw JR, Kilts CD, Malveaux G, Camp VM, Shi B, Ely TD, Howell L, McConathy J, Nemeroff CB: Synthesis and characterization of iodine-123 labeled 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-((Z)-2-iodoethenyl)phenyl)nortropane. A ligand for in vivo imaging of serotonin transporters by single-photon-emission tomography. J Med Chem. 2003 Mar 13;46(6):925-35. [12620070 ]
  2. Xing D, Chen P, Keil R, Kilts CD, Shi B, Camp VM, Malveaux G, Ely T, Owens MJ, Votaw J, Davis M, Hoffman JM, BaKay RA, Subramanian T, Watts RL, Goodman MM: Synthesis, biodistribution, and primate imaging of fluorine-18 labeled 2beta-carbo-1'-fluoro-2-propoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl)tr opanes. Ligands for the imaging of dopamine transporters by positron emission tomography. J Med Chem. 2000 Feb 24;43(4):639-48. [10691690 ]
  3. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
  4. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
General Function:
Norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function:
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name:
SLC6A2
Uniprot ID:
P23975
Molecular Weight:
69331.42 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory1.119 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory1.3 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory1.427 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory2.95 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
Inhibitory4.743 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
References
  1. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
  2. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [9537821 ]
  3. Owens MJ, Morgan WN, Plott SJ, Nemeroff CB: Neurotransmitter receptor and transporter binding profile of antidepressants and their metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1305-22. [9400006 ]
General Function:
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular Weight:
55627.365 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory8.5 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
References
  1. Afzelius L, Zamora I, Masimirembwa CM, Karlen A, Andersson TB, Mecucci S, Baroni M, Cruciani G: Conformer- and alignment-independent model for predicting structurally diverse competitive CYP2C9 inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2004 Feb 12;47(4):907-14. [14761192 ]
General Function:
Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c activity
Specific Function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.
Gene Name:
CHRM1
Uniprot ID:
P11229
Molecular Weight:
51420.375 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
Inhibitory>10 uMNot AvailableBindingDB 50028091
References
  1. Owens JM, Knight DL, Nemeroff CB: [Second generation SSRIS: human monoamine transporter binding profile of escitalopram and R-fluoxetine]. Encephale. 2002 Jul-Aug;28(4):350-5. [12232544 ]
General Function:
Voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization
Specific Function:
Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying potassium current in heart (IKr). Isoforms USO have no channel activity by themself, but modulates channel characteristics by forming heterotetramers with other isoforms which are retained intracellularly and undergo ubiquitin-dependent degradation.
Gene Name:
KCNH2
Uniprot ID:
Q12809
Molecular Weight:
126653.52 Da
References
  1. Friemel A, Zunkler BJ: Interactions at human ether-a-go-go-related gene channels. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Apr;114(2):346-55. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq011. Epub 2010 Jan 13. [20071423 ]