Didanosine (T3D4786)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (2)XML
Targets (2)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2014-09-11 05:16:31 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:26:57 UTC
Accession NumberT3D4786
Identification
Common NameDidanosine
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionA dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Anti-HIV Agent
  • Antimetabolite
  • Drug
  • Ether
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
Synonym
2,3-Dideoxyinosine
9-((2R,5S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one
9-((2R,5S)-5-Hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-one
9-((2S,5R)-5-Hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-ol
9-[(2R,5S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
DDI
DdIno
Didanosina
Didanosinum
Dideoxyinosine
Videx
Videx EC
Chemical FormulaC10H12N4O3
Average Molecular Mass236.227 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass236.091 g/mol
CAS Registry Number69655-05-6
IUPAC Name9-[(2R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one
Traditional Namedidanosine
SMILES[H][C@@]1(CO)CC[C@@]([H])(O1)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C10H12N4O3/c15-3-6-1-2-7(17-6)14-5-13-8-9(14)11-4-12-10(8)16/h4-7,15H,1-3H2,(H,11,12,16)/t6-,7+/m0/s1
InChI KeyInChIKey=BXZVVICBKDXVGW-NKWVEPMBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides. Purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides are compounds consisting of a purine linked to a ribose which lacks a hydroxyl group at positions 2 and 3.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassPurine nucleosides
Sub ClassPurine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides
Direct ParentPurine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside
  • 6-oxopurine
  • Hypoxanthine
  • Purinone
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Pyrimidone
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Pyrimidine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point160-163°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility15.8 mg/mL
LogP-1.24
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility6.58 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.99ALOGPS
logP-0.35ChemAxon
logS-1.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)6.94ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)2.75ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area88.74 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity58.59 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22.9 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-056u-9670000000-b8e1fdd18fda2c412cef2017-09-01View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-005c-7090000000-ed6dc7eca7c11c73693a2017-10-06View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-0090000000-fed0a8ffc5839fe73fe12017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-0490000000-0ac04c4f4e817e6da3912017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-0920000000-14a23956c10d3f6e7e9a2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-de4599cfceaa460892912017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-1900000000-10d07c81e3fc72fcfef22017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-000i-1900000000-84e8bb1bea77e6b5bfca2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-6a0516d1b3cec255e0502017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-fd0dfb766f1c628d170d2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-3d9e0ecfaf77d867a9d92017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-e0e7d0c808e14d842dbb2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-1900000000-9d4b77c3e99e9f9a2c2a2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-000i-1900000000-2bb63f71ec2e92ce075d2017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Negativesplash10-000i-1900000000-1475736d859ee324d92e2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 75V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-2cd1a2d12ed9691544152021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 45V, Negativesplash10-000i-0920000000-410013d0d67e872eea6b2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 60V, Negativesplash10-000i-0900000000-544cf7886920f267da7a2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 45V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-74008fe84aaa4adb23ed2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 60V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-532725f06bed9d035dcf2021-09-20View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 90V, Positivesplash10-000i-1900000000-7d5a4e68524522f15eca2021-09-20View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-0920000000-a89fd678ed8a8c16accc2016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-a1a5b268d419fff836022016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-03dr-1900000000-32bbc23c752210d7cd6f2016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0190000000-383b44cf919dd28ff3bb2016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-2940000000-309e7293be866f0e29aa2016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-052u-3900000000-0828603c96a200af867a2016-08-03View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not Available2021-09-25View Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureRapidly absorbed (bioavailability 30-40%) with peak plasma concentrations appearing within 0.5 and 1.5 hrs.
Mechanism of ToxicityDidanosine (ddI) is metabolized intracellularly by a series of cellular enzymes to its active moiety, dideoxyadenosine triphosphate (ddATP), which inhibits the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme competitively by competing with natural dATP. It also acts as a chain terminator by its incorporation into viral DNA as the lack of a 3'-OH group in the incorporated nucleoside analogue prevents the formation of the 5' to 3' phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, and therefore, the viral DNA growth is terminated.
MetabolismRapidly metabolized intracellularly to its active moiety, 2,3-dideoxyadenosine-5-triphosphate (ddA-TP). It is then further metabolized hepatically to yield hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid. Route of Elimination: Based on data from in vitro and animal studies, it is presumed that the metabolism of didanosine in man occurs by the same pathways responsible for the elimination of endogenous purines. Purines are eliminated by the kidneys. Half Life: 30 minutes in plasma and more than 12 hours in intracellular environment.
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (1)
Uses/SourcesFor use, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsSide effects include pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, diarrhea, hyperuricemia and hepatic dysfunction.
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB00900
HMDB IDHMDB15037
PubChem Compound ID50599
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL1460
ChemSpider ID45864
KEGG IDC06953
UniProt IDNot Available
OMIM ID
ChEBI ID490877
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB ID2DI
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkDidanosine
References
Synthesis Reference

Bandi Parthasaradhi Reddy, Kura Rathnakar Reddy, Rapolu Raji Reddy, Dasari Muralidhara Reddy, Kesireddy Subash Chander Reddy, “Novel Process for the Preparation of Didanosine Using Novel Intermediates.” U.S. Patent US20080293938, issued November 27, 2008.

MSDSLink
General References
  1. International Agency for Research on Cancer (2014). IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
General Function:
Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity
Specific Function:
The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate.
Gene Name:
PNP
Uniprot ID:
P00491
Molecular Weight:
32117.69 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [17016423 ]
Target Details
2. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A
General Function:
Voltage-gated potassium channel activity
Specific Function:
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses in neurons. It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel.
Gene Name:
HTR3A
Uniprot ID:
P46098
Molecular Weight:
55279.835 Da
Binding/Activity Constants
TypeValueAssay TypeAssay Source
AC500.065 uMNVS_LGIC_h5HT3Novascreen
References
  1. Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]