T3DB: Zeranol

Identification Taxonomy Biological Properties Physical Properties Toxicity Profile Spectra Concentrations Links References Gene Regulation Targets (9)XML

Targets (9)

Record Information

Version

2.0

Creation Date

2010-04-15 18:58:24 UTC

Update Date

2014-12-24 20:26:20 UTC

Accession Number

T3D3675

Identification

Common Name

Zeranol

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Zeranol is isolated from Fusarium species. It is an anabolic agent and estrogenic agent (mainly veterinary use). Zeranol is used as a growth promoter for food animals. It was banned by the EU in 1989, but is still permitted in the USA and some other countries. It may also arise in livestock by ingestion of Fusarium contaminated pasture or feeds. Zeranol has been shown to exhibit muscle building function (6). Zeranol belongs to the family of Macrolides and Analogues. These are organic compounds containing a lactone ring of at least twelve members[1]. The term 'macrolide' encompasses a diverse family of unrelated compounds with large macrolactam rings[2].

Compound Type

Ester
Ether
Food Toxin
Fungal Toxin
Metabolite
Mycotoxin
Natural Compound
Organic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Synonym
6-(6,10-Dihydroxyundecyl)-beta-resorcylic acid, mu-lactone
a-Zearalanol
alpha Zearalanol
alpha-Zearalanol
alpha-Zeranol
Dihydroxyundecyl resorcylic acid lactone
Frideron
MK 188
P 1496
Ralabol
Ralgro
Ralone
Taleranol
Xeranol
Zearalanol
Zearanol
Zerano
Zeranol, BAN, INN, USAN

Chemical Formula

C₁₈H₂₆O₅

Average Molecular Mass

322.396 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

322.178 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

26538-44-3

IUPAC Name

7,14,16-trihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-decahydro-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1-one

Traditional Name

7,14,16-trihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-decahydro-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1-one

SMILES

CC1CCCC(O)CCCCCC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)O1

InChI Identifier

InChI=1/C18H26O5/c1-12-6-5-9-14(19)8-4-2-3-7-13-10-15(20)11-16(21)17(13)18(22)23-12/h10-12,14,19-21H,2-9H2,1H3

InChI Key

InChIKey=DWTTZBARDOXEAM-UHFFFAOYNA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as macrolides and analogues. These are organic compounds containing a lactone ring of at least twelve members.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Phenylpropanoids and polyketides

Class

Macrolides and analogues

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Macrolides and analogues

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Macrolide
Dihydroxybenzoic acid
1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
Benzenoid
Vinylogous acid
Carboxylic acid ester
Lactone
Secondary alcohol
Carboxylic acid derivative
Polyol
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Organooxygen compound
Organic oxide
Organic oxygen compound
Alcohol
Hydrocarbon derivative
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

Not Available

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	182 - 184°C
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available
LogP	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.16 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	3.23	ALOGPS
logP	4.45	ChemAxon
logS	-3.3	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	8.68	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-1.3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	86.99 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	88.25 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	35.52 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	2	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0pi0-0039000000-13fad28bcc84596403c8	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-00xr-9400750000-880938071e9cf0d46601	2017-10-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_3_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-03	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0ab9-0119000000-dfc5ec37377b5cb44b1f	2015-04-24	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-06di-9467000000-8c76013cb1dc4d675963	2015-04-24	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0cdv-9810000000-436eeea064627406d1c2	2015-04-24	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-00di-0009000000-c6fef88c1fc77cd2daeb	2015-04-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0fk9-1119000000-ba401efa49d57ecccd16	2015-04-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-054k-2390000000-42d3932aa047c309abda	2015-04-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-00di-0009000000-97dc86be510de646590c	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0009000000-2cd138540b8019f5060d	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0gbl-7098000000-932554e8d65256b31a67	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0009000000-b59a570e604dc41d65bf	2021-09-23	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0009000000-43ce6ed6cc07dfd96e01	2021-09-23	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0a4i-0093000000-db5e6ea92c271bf7050f	2021-09-23	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (5)

Mechanism of Toxicity

Zeranol acts as an agonist at the estrogen receptors, interfering with the binding of natural estrogens. This disrupts hormone levels and affects a number of signaling processes, leading to various reproductive disorders in males and females. Mycotoxins are often able to enter the liver and kidney by human organic anion transporters (hOATs) and human organic cation transporters (hOCTs). They can also inhibit uptake of anions and cations by these transporters, interefering with the secretion of endogenous metabolites, drugs, and xenobiotics including themselves. This results in increased cellular accumulation of toxic compounds causing nephro- and hepatotoxicity. (2, 1, 4)

Metabolism

Metabolism of zeranol occurs in the liver. During phase I metabolism, dehydrogenation produces zearalanone as the major metabolite and beta-zearalanol as the minor metabolite. Cytochrome P450 enzymes also catalyze the aromatic hydroxylation of zeranol, producing 13-hydroxy-alpha-zearalanol and 15-hydroxy-alpha-zearalanol. During phase II metabolism reduction/oxidation occurs, forming the glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of zearalanone and beta-zearalanol. In humans, the metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine. (3)

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

Not listed by IARC.

Uses/Sources

Zeranol is a mycotoxin derived from fungi in the Fusarium family, and may be found as a contaminant in fungus-infected crops. (8)

Minimum Risk Level

Estimated acceptable daily intake is 0 - 0.5 ug/kg. (9)

Health Effects

Zeranol is an estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemical that interferes with the binding of natural estrogens, disrupting hormone levels and causing various reproductive disorders in males and females. It has been shown to cause developmental problems in animals by causing tissue malformations and produce irregularities in the estrous cycle. In humans, zeranol induces breast cancer cell growth. (2)

Symptoms

Not Available

Treatment

Not Available

Normal Concentrations

Not Available

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB32702

PubChem Compound ID

22283

ChEMBL ID

Not Available

ChemSpider ID

20916

KEGG ID

C14752

UniProt ID

Not Available

OMIM ID

ChEBI ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

CTD ID

Not Available

Stitch ID

Not Available

PDB ID

Not Available

ACToR ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Zeranol

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

MSDS

T3D3675.pdf

General References

Takemura H, Shim JY, Sayama K, Tsubura A, Zhu BT, Shimoi K: Characterization of the estrogenic activities of zearalenone and zeranol in vivo and in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Feb;103(2):170-7. Epub 2006 Nov 9. [17097287 ]
Roy JR, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty TR: Estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting puberty in humans--a review. Med Sci Monit. 2009 Jun;15(6):RA137-45. [19478717 ]
Hildebrand A, Pfeiffer E, Metzler M: Aromatic hydroxylation and catechol formation: a novel metabolic pathway of the growth promotor zeranol. Toxicol Lett. 2010 Feb 15;192(3):379-86. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.11.014. Epub 2009 Nov 18. [19931366 ]
Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]
Peraica M, Domijan AM: Contamination of food with mycotoxins and human health. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2001 Mar;52(1):23-35. [11370295 ]
Roeder RA, Gunn JM: Effects of zeranol on protein turnover in L6 myotubes. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 1987 Jan;4(1):61-7. [3333934 ]
Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Wikipedia. Zeranol. Last Updated 2 April 2010. [Link]
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) INCHEM (1987). WHO Food Additive Series No. 23: Zeranol. [Link]

Gene Regulation

Up-Regulated Genes

Gene	Gene Symbol	Gene ID	Interaction	Chromosome	Details

Down-Regulated Genes

Gene	Gene Symbol	Gene ID	Interaction	Chromosome	Details

Targets

Target Details

1. Estrogen receptor

General Function:: Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:: Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.
Gene Name:: ESR1
Uniprot ID:: P03372
Molecular Weight:: 66215.45 Da

References

Takemura H, Shim JY, Sayama K, Tsubura A, Zhu BT, Shimoi K: Characterization of the estrogenic activities of zearalenone and zeranol in vivo and in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Feb;103(2):170-7. Epub 2006 Nov 9. [17097287 ]
Roy JR, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty TR: Estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting puberty in humans--a review. Med Sci Monit. 2009 Jun;15(6):RA137-45. [19478717 ]
Dang Z: Comparison of relative binding affinities to fish and mammalian estrogen receptors: the regulatory implications. Toxicol Lett. 2010 Feb 15;192(3):298-315. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.11.004. Epub 2009 Nov 12. [19913605 ]

Target Details

2. Estrogen receptor beta

General Function:: Zinc ion binding
Specific Function:: Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1, and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent manner (PubMed:20074560). Isoform beta-cx lacks ligand binding ability and has no or only very low ere binding activity resulting in the loss of ligand-dependent transactivation ability. DNA-binding by ESR1 and ESR2 is rapidly lost at 37 degrees Celsius in the absence of ligand while in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen loss in DNA-binding at elevated temperature is more gradual.
Gene Name:: ESR2
Uniprot ID:: Q92731
Molecular Weight:: 59215.765 Da

References

Takemura H, Shim JY, Sayama K, Tsubura A, Zhu BT, Shimoi K: Characterization of the estrogenic activities of zearalenone and zeranol in vivo and in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Feb;103(2):170-7. Epub 2006 Nov 9. [17097287 ]
Roy JR, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty TR: Estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting puberty in humans--a review. Med Sci Monit. 2009 Jun;15(6):RA137-45. [19478717 ]

Target Details

3. Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha

General Function:: Tpr domain binding
Specific Function:: Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes.
Gene Name:: HSP90AA1
Uniprot ID:: P07900
Molecular Weight:: 84659.015 Da

Binding/Activity Constants

Type	Value	Assay Type	Assay Source
IC50	2.6462 uM	Not Available	BindingDB 32073
IC50	27.9271 uM	Not Available	BindingDB 32073

References

Liu T, Lin Y, Wen X, Jorissen RN, Gilson MK: BindingDB: a web-accessible database of experimentally determined protein-ligand binding affinities. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jan;35(Database issue):D198-201. Epub 2006 Dec 1. [17145705 ]

Target Details

4. Solute carrier family 22 member 1

General Function:: Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP), the endogenous compounds choline, guanidine, histamine, epinephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, and the drugs quinine, and metformin. The transport of organic cations is inhibited by a broad array of compounds like tetramethylammonium (TMA), cocaine, lidocaine, NMDA receptor antagonists, atropine, prazosin, cimetidine, TEA and NMN, guanidine, cimetidine, choline, procainamide, quinine, tetrabutylammonium, and tetrapentylammonium. Translocates organic cations in an electrogenic and pH-independent manner. Translocates organic cations across the plasma membrane in both directions. Transports the polyamines spermine and spermidine. Transports pramipexole across the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubular epithelial cells. The choline transport is activated by MMTS. Regulated by various intracellular signaling pathways including inhibition by protein kinase A activation, and endogenously activation by the calmodulin complex, the calmodulin-dependent kinase II and LCK tyrosine kinase.
Gene Name:: SLC22A1
Uniprot ID:: O15245
Molecular Weight:: 61153.345 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Target Details

5. Solute carrier family 22 member 11

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds.
Gene Name:: SLC22A11
Uniprot ID:: Q9NSA0
Molecular Weight:: 59970.945 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Target Details

6. Solute carrier family 22 member 2

General Function:: Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin may develop a nephrotoxic action. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as DX-619 and LVFX. This transporter is a major determinant of the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin and may contribute to antitumor specificity.
Gene Name:: SLC22A2
Uniprot ID:: O15244
Molecular Weight:: 62579.99 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Target Details

7. Solute carrier family 22 member 6

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) (By similarity). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of p-aminohippurate (PAH), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido-3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), hippurate (HA), indoleacetate (IA), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF), cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG), 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) diaminopurine (PMEDAP) and edaravone sulfate. PAH uptake is inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzenesulphonate (PCMBS), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), sulindac, diclofenac, carprofen, glutarate and okadaic acid (By similarity). PAH uptake is inhibited by benzothiazolylcysteine (BTC), S-chlorotrifluoroethylcysteine (CTFC), cysteine S-conjugates S-dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC), furosemide, steviol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187, benzylpenicillin, furosemide, indomethacin, bumetamide, losartan, probenecid, phenol red, urate, and alpha-ketoglutarate.
Gene Name:: SLC22A6
Uniprot ID:: Q4U2R8
Molecular Weight:: 61815.78 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Target Details

8. Solute carrier family 22 member 7

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Mediates sodium-independent multispecific organic anion transport. Transport of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, tetracycline, bumetanide, estrone sulfate, glutarate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, allopurinol, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, L-ascorbic acid, salicylate, ethotrexate, and alpha-ketoglutarate.
Gene Name:: SLC22A7
Uniprot ID:: Q9Y694
Molecular Weight:: 60025.025 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Target Details

9. Solute carrier family 22 member 8

General Function:: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function:: Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenadine. Transports benzylpenicillin (PCG), estrone-3-sulfate (E1S), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), p-amino-hippurate (PAH), acyclovir (ACV) and ochratoxin (OTA).
Gene Name:: SLC22A8
Uniprot ID:: Q8TCC7
Molecular Weight:: 59855.585 Da

References

Tachampa K, Takeda M, Khamdang S, Noshiro-Kofuji R, Tsuda M, Jariyawat S, Fukutomi T, Sophasan S, Anzai N, Endou H: Interactions of organic anion transporters and organic cation transporters with mycotoxins. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Mar;106(3):435-43. Epub 2008 Mar 5. [18319568 ]

Zeranol (T3D3675)

Structure for T3D3675: Zeranol

Targets

References

References

Binding/Activity Constants

References

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