T3DB: Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C

Name	Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C
Synonyms	CACH2 CACN2 CACNL1A1 Calcium channel, L type, alpha-1 polypeptide, isoform 1, cardiac muscle CCHL1A1 Voltage-gated calcium channel subunit alpha Cav1.2
Gene Name	CACNA1C
Organism	Human
Amino acid sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0037015\|Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C MVNENTRMYIPEENHQGSNYGSPRPAHANMNANAAAGLAPEHIPTPGAALSWQAAIDAAR QAKLMGSAGNATISTVSSTQRKRQQYGKPKKQGSTTATRPPRALLCLTLKNPIRRACISI VEWKPFEIIILLTIFANCVALAIYIPFPEDDSNATNSNLERVEYLFLIIFTVEAFLKVIA YGLLFHPNAYLRNGWNLLDFIIVVVGLFSAILEQATKADGANALGGKGAGFDVKALRAFR VLRPLRLVSGVPSLQVVLNSIIKAMVPLLHIALLVLFVIIIYAIIGLELFMGKMHKTCYN QEGIADVPAEDDPSPCALETGHGRQCQNGTVCKPGWDGPKHGITNFDNFAFAMLTVFQCI TMEGWTDVLYWVNDAVGRDWPWIYFVTLIIIGSFFVLNLVLGVLSGEFSKEREKAKARGD FQKLREKQQLEEDLKGYLDWITQAEDIDPENEDEGMDEEKPRNMSMPTSETESVNTENVA GGDIEGENCGARLAHRISKSKFSRYWRRWNRFCRRKCRAAVKSNVFYWLVIFLVFLNTLT IASEHYNQPNWLTEVQDTANKALLALFTAEMLLKMYSLGLQAYFVSLFNRFDCFVVCGGI LETILVETKIMSPLGISVLRCVRLLRIFKITRYWNSLSNLVASLLNSVRSIASLLLLLFL FIIIFSLLGMQLFGGKFNFDEMQTRRSTFDNFPQSLLTVFQILTGEDWNSVMYDGIMAYG GPSFPGMLVCIYFIILFICGNYILLNVFLAIAVDNLADAESLTSAQKEEEEEKERKKLAR TASPEKKQELVEKPAVGESKEEKIELKSITADGESPPATKINMDDLQPNENEDKSPYPNP ETTGEEDEEEPEMPVGPRPRPLSELHLKEKAVPMPEASAFFIFSSNNRFRLQCHRIVNDT IFTNLILFFILLSSISLAAEDPVQHTSFRNHILFYFDIVFTTIFTIEIALKILGNADYVF TSIFTLEIILKMTAYGAFLHKGSFCRNYFNILDLLVVSVSLISFGIQSSAINVVKILRVL RVLRPLRAINRAKGLKHVVQCVFVAIRTIGNIVIVTTLLQFMFACIGVQLFKGKLYTCSD SSKQTEAECKGNYITYKDGEVDHPIIQPRSWENSKFDFDNVLAAMMALFTVSTFEGWPEL LYRSIDSHTEDKGPIYNYRVEISIFFIIYIIIIAFFMMNIFVGFVIVTFQEQGEQEYKNC ELDKNQRQCVEYALKARPLRRYIPKNQHQYKVWYVVNSTYFEYLMFVLILLNTICLAMQH YGQSCLFKIAMNILNMLFTGLFTVEMILKLIAFKPKGYFSDPWNVFDFLIVIGSIIDVIL SETNHYFCDAWNTFDALIVVGSIVDIAITEVNPAEHTQCSPSMNAEENSRISITFFRLFR VMRLVKLLSRGEGIRTLLWTFIKSFQALPYVALLIVMLFFIYAVIGMQVFGKIALNDTTE INRNNNFQTFPQAVLLLFRCATGEAWQDIMLACMPGKKCAPESEPSNSTEGETPCGSSFA VFYFISFYMLCAFLIINLFVAVIMDNFDYLTRDWSILGPHHLDEFKRIWAEYDPEAKGRI KHLDVVTLLRRIQPPLGFGKLCPHRVACKRLVSMNMPLNSDGTVMFNATLFALVRTALRI KTEGNLEQANEELRAIIKKIWKRTSMKLLDQVVPPAGDDEVTVGKFYATFLIQEYFRKFK KRKEQGLVGKPSQRNALSLQAGLRTLHDIGPEIRRAISGDLTAEEELDKAMKEAVSAASE DDIFRRAGGLFGNHVSYYQSDGRSAFPQTFTTQRPLHINKAGSSQGDTESPSHEKLVDST FTPSSYSSTGSNANINNANNTALGRLPRPAGYPSTVSTVEGHGPPLSPAIRVQEVAWKLS SNRERHVPMCEDLELRRDSGSAGTQAHCLLLRKANPSRCHSRESQAAMAGQEETSQDETY EVKMNHDTEACSEPSLLSTEMLSYQDDENRQLTLPEEDKRDIRQSPKRGFLRSASLGRRA SFHLECLKRQKDRGGDISQKTVLPLHLVHHQALAVAGLSPLLQRSHSPASFPRPFATPPA TPGSRGWPPQPVPTLRLEGVESSEKLNSSFPSIHCGSWAETTPGGGGSSAARRVRPVSLM VPSQAGAPGRQFHGSASSLVEAVLISEGLGQFAQDPKFIEVTTQELADACDMTIEEMESA ADNILSGGAPQSPNGALLPFVNCRDAGQDRAGGEEDAGCVRARGRPSEEELQDSRVYVSS L
Number of residues	2221
Molecular Weight	248974.1
Theoretical pI	6.7
GO Classification	Functions alpha-actinin binding high voltage-gated calcium channel activity metal ion binding calmodulin binding voltage-gated calcium channel activity Processes membrane depolarization during action potential regulation of blood pressure synaptic transmission calcium-mediated signaling using extracellular calcium source adult walking behavior regulation of vasoconstriction visual learning calcium ion import small molecule metabolic process calcium ion-dependent exocytosis insulin secretion glucose homeostasis calcium ion transport into cytosol axon guidance positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction energy reserve metabolic process regulation of insulin secretion growth hormone secretion smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion regulation of organ growth Components voltage-gated calcium channel complex neuronal cell body plasma membrane caveolar macromolecular signaling complex integral component of membrane cytosol dendritic shaft postsynaptic density T-tubule cytoplasm Z disc
General Function	Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function	Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1C gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA). Calcium channels containing the alpha-1C subunit play an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. The various isoforms display marked differences in the sensitivity to DHP compounds. Binding of calmodulin or CABP1 at the same regulatory sites results in an opposit effects on the channel function.
Pfam Domain Function	Ion_trans (PF00520 ) Ca_chan_IQ (PF08763 ) GPHH (PF16905 ) CAC1F_C (PF16885 )
Transmembrane Regions	125-143 161-181 194-212 233-251 271-290 381-405 525-543 559-578 587-605 616-634 654-673 729-753 901-919 936-955 988-1006 1014-1032 1052-1071 1162-1186 1240-1258 1274-1293 1302-1320 1373-1391 1411-1430 1500-1524
GenBank Protein ID	Not Available
UniProtKB ID	Q13936
UniProtKB Entry Name	CAC1C_HUMAN
Cellular Location	Membrane
Gene sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0016091\|Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C (CACNA1C) ATGGTCAATGAGAATACGAGGATGTACATTCCAGAGGAAAACCACCAAGGTTCCAACTAT GGGAGCCCACGCCCCGCCCATGCCAACATGAATGCCAATGCGGCAGCGGGGCTGGCCCCT GAGCACATCCCCACCCCGGGGGCTGCCCTGTCGTGGCAGGCGGCCATCGACGCAGCCCGG CAGGCTAAGCTGATGGGCAGCGCTGGCAATGCGACCATCTCCACAGTCAGCTCCACGCAG CGGAAGCGGCAGCAATATGGGAAACCCAAGAAGCAGGGCAGCACCACGGCCACACGCCCG CCCCGAGCCCTGCTCTGCCTGACCCTGAAGAACCCCATCCGGAGGGCCTGCATCAGCATT GTCGAATGGAAACCATTTGAAATAATTATTTTACTGACTATTTTTGCCAATTGTGTGGCC TTAGCGATCTATATTCCCTTTCCAGAAGATGATTCCAACGCCACCAATTCCAACCTGGAA CGAGTGGAATATCTCTTTCTCATAATTTTTACGGTGGAAGCGTTTTTAAAAGTAATCGCC TATGGACTCCTCTTTCACCCCAATGCCTACCTCCGCAACGGCTGGAACCTACTAGATTTT ATAATTGTGGTTGTGGGGCTTTTTAGTGCAATTTTAGAACAAGCAACCAAAGCAGATGGG GCAAACGCTCTCGGAGGGAAAGGGGCCGGATTTGATGTGAAGGCGCTGAGGGCCTTCCGC GTGCTGCGCCCCCTGCGGCTGGTGTCCGGAGTCCCAAGTCTCCAGGTGGTCCTGAATTCC ATCATCAAGGCCATGGTCCCCCTGCTGCACATCGCCCTGCTTGTGCTGTTTGTCATCATC ATCTACGCCATCATCGGCTTGGAGCTCTTCATGGGGAAGATGCACAAGACCTGCTACAAC CAGGAGGGCATAGCAGATGTTCCAGCAGAAGATGACCCTTCCCCTTGTGCGCTGGAAACG GGCCACGGGCGGCAGTGCCAGAACGGCACGGTGTGCAAGCCCGGCTGGGATGGTCCCAAG CACGGCATCACCAACTTTGACAACTTTGCCTTCGCCATGCTCACGGTGTTCCAGTGCATC ACCATGGAGGGCTGGACGGACGTGCTGTACTGGGTCAATGATGCCGTAGGAAGGGACTGG CCCTGGATCTATTTTGTTACACTAATCATCATAGGGTCATTTTTTGTACTTAACTTGGTT CTCGGTGTGCTTAGCGGAGAGTTTTCCAAAGAGAGGGAGAAGGCCAAGGCCCGGGGAGAT TTCCAGAAGCTGCGGGAGAAGCAGCAGCTAGAAGAGGATCTCAAAGGCTACCTGGATTGG ATCACTCAGGCCGAAGACATCGATCCTGAGAATGAGGACGAAGGCATGGATGAGGAGAAG CCCCGAAACATGAGCATGCCCACCAGTGAGACCGAGTCCGTCAACACCGAAAACGTGGCT GGAGGTGACATCGAGGGAGAAAACTGCGGGGCCAGGCTGGCCCACCGGATCTCCAAGTCA AAGTTCAGCCGCTACTGGCGCCGGTGGAATCGGTTCTGCAGAAGGAAGTGCCGCGCCGCA GTCAAGTCTAATGTCTTCTACTGGCTGGTGATTTTCCTGGTGTTCCTCAACACGCTCACC ATTGCCTCTGAGCACTACAACCAGCCCAACTGGCTCACAGAAGTCCAAGACACGGCAAAC AAGGCCCTGCTGGCCCTGTTCACGGCAGAGATGCTCCTGAAGATGTACAGCCTGGGCCTG CAGGCCTACTTCGTGTCCCTCTTCAACCGCTTTGACTGCTTCGTCGTGTGTGGCGGCATC CTGGAGACCATCCTGGTGGAGACCAAGATCATGTCCCCACTGGGCATCTCCGTGCTCAGA TGCGTCCGGCTGCTGAGGATTTTCAAGATCACGAGGTACTGGAACTCCTTGAGCAACCTG GTGGCATCCTTGCTGAACTCTGTGCGCTCCATCGCCTCCCTGCTCCTTCTCCTCTTCCTC TTCATCATCATCTTCTCCCTCCTGGGGATGCAGCTCTTTGGAGGAAAGTTCAACTTTGAT GAGATGCAGACCCGGAGGAGCACATTCGATAACTTCCCCCAGTCCCTCCTCACTGTGTTT CAGATCCTGACCGGGGAGGACTGGAATTCGGTGATGTATGATGGGATCATGGCTTATGGC GGCCCCTCTTTTCCAGGGATGTTAGTCTGTATTTACTTCATCATCCTCTTCATCTGTGGA AACTATATCCTACTGAATGTGTTCTTGGCCATTGCTGTGGACAACCTGGCTGATGCTGAG AGCCTCACATCTGCCCAAAAGGAGGAGGAAGAGGAGAAGGAGAGAAAGAAGCTGGCCAGG ACTGCCAGCCCAGAGAAGAAACAAGAGTTGGTGGAGAAGCCGGCAGTGGGGGAATCCAAG GAGGAGAAGATTGAGCTGAAATCCATCACGGCTGACGGAGAGTCTCCACCCGCCACCAAG ATCAACATGGATGACCTCCAGCCCAATGAAAATGAGGATAAGAGCCCCTACCCCAACCCA GAAACTACAGGAGAAGAGGATGAGGAGGAGCCAGAGATGCCTGTCGGCCCTCGCCCACGA CCACTCTCTGAGCTTCACCTTAAGGAAAAGGCAGTGCCCATGCCAGAAGCCAGCGCGTTT TTCATCTTCAGCTCTAACAACAGGTTTCGCCTCCAGTGCCACCGCATTGTCAATGACACG ATCTTCACCAACCTGATCCTCTTCTTCATTCTGCTCAGCAGCATTTCCCTGGCTGCTGAG GACCCGGTCCAGCACACCTCCTTCAGGAACCATATTCTGTTTTATTTTGATATTGTTTTT ACCACCATTTTCACCATTGAAATTGCTCTGAAGATGACTGCTTATGGGGCTTTCTTGCAC AAGGGTTCTTTCTGCCGGAACTACTTCAACATCCTGGACCTGCTGGTGGTCAGCGTGTCC CTCATCTCCTTTGGCATCCAGTCCAGTGCAATCAATGTCGTGAAGATCTTGCGAGTCCTG CGAGTACTCAGGCCCCTGAGGGCCATCAACAGGGCCAAGGGGCTAAAGCATGTGGTTCAG TGTGTGTTTGTCGCCATCCGGACCATCGGGAACATCGTGATTGTCACCACCCTGCTGCAG TTCATGTTTGCCTGCATCGGGGTCCAGCTCTTCAAGGGAAAGCTGTACACCTGTTCAGAC AGTTCCAAGCAGACAGAGGCGGAATGCAAGGGCAACTACATCACGTACAAAGACGGGGAG GTTGACCACCCCATCATCCAACCCCGCAGCTGGGAGAACAGCAAGTTTGACTTTGACAAT GTTCTGGCAGCCATGATGGCCCTCTTCACCGTCTCCACCTTCGAAGGGTGGCCAGAGCTG CTGTACCGCTCCATCGACTCCCACACGGAAGACAAGGGCCCCATCTACAACTACCGTGTG GAGATCTCCATCTTCTTCATCATCTACATCATCATCATCGCCTTCTTCATGATGAACATC TTCGTGGGCTTCGTCATCGTCACCTTTCAGGAGCAGGGGGAGCAGGAGTACAAGAACTGT GAGCTGGACAAGAACCAGCGACAGTGCGTGGAATACGCCCTCAAGGCCCGGCCCCTGCGG AGGTACATCCCCAAGAACCAGCACCAGTACAAAGTGTGGTACGTGGTCAACTCCACCTAC TTCGAGTACCTGATGTTCGTCCTCATCCTGCTCAACACCATCTGCCTGGCCATGCAGCAC TACGGCCAGAGCTGCCTGTTCAAAATCGCCATGAACATCCTCAACATGCTCTTCACTGGC CTCTTCACCGTGGAGATGATCCTGAAGCTCATTGCCTTCAAACCCAAGCACTATTTCTGT GATGCATGGAATACATTTGACGCCTTGATTGTTGTGGGTAGCATTGTTGATATAGCAATC ACCGAGGTAAACCCAGCTGAACATACCCAATGCTCTCCCTCTATGAACGCAGAGGAAAAC TCCCGCATCTCCATCACCTTCTTCCGCCTGTTCCGGGTCATGCGTCTGGTGAAGCTGCTG AGCCGTGGGGAGGGCATCCGGACGCTGCTGTGGACCTTCATCAAGTCCTTCCAGGCCCTG CCCTATGTGGCCCTCCTGATCGTGATGCTGTTCTTCATCTACGCGGTGATCGGGATGCAG GTGTTTGGGAAAATTGCCCTGAATGATACCACAGAGATCAACCGGAACAACAACTTTCAG ACCTTCCCCCAGGCCGTGCTGCTCCTCTTCAGGTGTGCCACCGGGGAGGCCTGGCAGGAC ATCATGCTGGCCTGCATGCCAGGCAAGAAGTGTGCCCCAGAGTCCGAGCCCAGCAACAGC ACGGAGGGTGAAACACCCTGTGGTAGCAGCTTTGCTGTCTTCTACTTCATCAGCTTCTAC ATGCTCTGTGCCTTCCTGATCATCAACCTCTTTGTAGCTGTCATCATGGACAACTTTGAC TACCTGACAAGGGACTGGTCCATCCTTGGTCCCCACCACCTGGATGAGTTTAAAAGAATC TGGGCAGAGTATGACCCTGAAGCCAAGGGTCGTATCAAACACCTGGATGTGGTGACCCTC CTCCGGCGGATTCAGCCGCCACTAGGTTTTGGGAAGCTGTGCCCTCACCGCGTGGCTTGC AAACGCCTGGTCTCCATGAACATGCCTCTGAACAGCGACGGGACAGTCATGTTCAATGCC ACCCTGTTTGCCCTGGTCAGGACGGCCCTGAGGATCAAAACAGAAGGGAACCTAGAACAA GCCAATGAGGAGCTGCGGGCGATCATCAAGAAGATCTGGAAGCGGACCAGCATGAAGCTG CTGGACCAGGTGGTGCCCCCTGCAGGTGATGATGAGGTCACCGTTGGCAAGTTCTACGCC ACGTTCCTGATCCAGGAGTACTTCCGGAAGTTCAAGAAGCGCAAAGAGCAGGGCCTTGTG GGCAAGCCCTCCCAGAGGAACGCGCTGTCTCTGCAGGCTGGCTTGCGCACACTGCATGAC ATCGGGCCTGAGATCCGACGGGCCATCTCTGGAGATCTCACCGCTGAGGAGGAGCTGGAC AAGGCCATGAAGGAGGCTGTGTCCGCTGCTTCTGAAGATGACATCTTCAGGAGGGCCGGT GGCCTGTTCGGCAACCACGTCAGCTACTACCAAAGCGACGGCCGGAGCGCCTTCCCCCAG ACCTTCACCACTCAGCGCCCGCTGCACATCAACAAGGCGGGCAGCAGCCAGGGCGACACT GAGTCGCCATCCCACGAGAAGCTGGTGGACTCCACCTTCACCCCGAGCAGCTACTCGTCC ACCGGCTCCAACGCCAACATCAACAACGCCAACAACACCGCCCTGGGTCGCCTCCCTCGC CCCGCCGGCTACCCCAGCACGGTCAGCACTGTGGAGGGCCACGGGCCCCCCTTGTCCCCT GCCATCCGGGTGCAGGAGGTGGCGTGGAAGCTCAGCTCCAACAGGTGCCACTCCCGGGAG AGCCAGGCAGCCATGGCGGGTCAGGAGGAGACGTCTCAGGATGAGACCTATGAAGTGAAG ATGAACCATGACACGGAGGCCTGCAGTGAGCCCAGCCTGCTCTCCACAGAGATGCTCTCC TACCAGGATGACGAAAATCGGCAACTGACGCTCCCAGAGGAGGACAAGAGGGACATCCGG CAATCTCCGAAGAGGGGTTTCCTCCGCTCTGCCTCACTAGGTCGAAGGGCCTCCTTCCAC CTGGAATGTCTGAAGCGACAGAAGGACCGAGGGGGAGACATCTCTCAGAAGACAGTCCTG CCCTTGCATCTGGTTCATCATCAGGCATTGGCAGTGGCAGGCCTGAGCCCCCTCCTCCAG AGAAGCCATTCCCCTGCCTCATTCCCTAGGCCTTTTGCCACCCCACCAGCCACACCTGGC AGCCGAGGCTGGCCCCCACAGCCCGTCCCCACCCTGCGGCTTGAGGGGGTCGAGTCCAGT GAGAAACTCAACAGCAGCTTCCCATCCATCCACTGCGGCTCCTGGGCTGAGACCACCCCC GGTGGCGGGGGCAGCAGCGCCGCCCGGAGAGTCCGGCCCGTCTCCCTCATGGTGCCCAGC CAGGCTGGGGCCCCAGGGAGGCAGTTCCACGGCAGTGCCAGCAGCCTGGTGGAAGCGGTC TTGATTTCAGAAGGACTGGGGCAGTTTGCTCAAGATCCCAAGTTCATCGAGGTCACCACC CAGGAGCTGGCCGACGCCTGCGACATGACCATAGAGGAGATGGAGAGCGCGGCCGACAAC ATCCTCAGCGGGGGCGCCCCACAGAGCCCCAATGGCGCCCTCTTACCCTTTGTGAACTGC AGGGACGCGGGGCAGGACCGAGCCGGGGGCGAAGAGGACGCGGGCTGTGTGCGCGCGCGG GGTCGACCGAGTGAGGAGGAGCTCCAGGACAGCAGGGTCTACGTCAGCAGCCTGTAG
GenBank Gene ID	M92270
GeneCard ID	Not Available
GenAtlas ID	CACNA1C
HGNC ID	HGNC:1390
Chromosome Location	12
Locus	12p13.3
References	Soldatov NM: Molecular diversity of L-type Ca2+ channel transcripts in human fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 May 15;89(10):4628-32. 1316612 Schultz D, Mikala G, Yatani A, Engle DB, Iles DE, Segers B, Sinke RJ, Weghuis DO, Klockner U, Wakamori M, et al.: Cloning, chromosomal localization, and functional expression of the alpha 1 subunit of the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel from normal human heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6228-32. 8392192 Soldatov NM: Genomic structure of human L-type Ca2+ channel. Genomics. 1994 Jul 1;22(1):77-87. 7959794 Soldatov NM, Bouron A, Reuter H: Different voltage-dependent inhibition by dihydropyridines of human Ca2+ channel splice variants. J Biol Chem. 1995 May 5;270(18):10540-3. 7737988 Klockner U, Mikala G, Eisfeld J, Iles DE, Strobeck M, Mershon JL, Schwartz A, Varadi G: Properties of three COOH-terminal splice variants of a human cardiac L-type Ca2+-channel alpha1-subunit. Am J Physiol. 1997 Mar;272(3 Pt 2):H1372-81. 9087614 Soldatov NM, Zuhlke RD, Bouron A, Reuter H: Molecular structures involved in L-type calcium channel inactivation. Role of the carboxyl-terminal region encoded by exons 40-42 in alpha1C subunit in the kinetics and Ca2+ dependence of inactivation. J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 7;272(6):3560-6. 9013606 Zuhlke RD, Bouron A, Soldatov NM, Reuter H: Ca2+ channel sensitivity towards the blocker isradipine is affected by alternative splicing of the human alpha1C subunit gene. FEBS Lett. 1998 May 8;427(2):220-4. 9607315 Lyford GL, Strege PR, Shepard A, Ou Y, Ermilov L, Miller SM, Gibbons SJ, Rae JL, Szurszewski JH, Farrugia G: alpha(1C) (Ca(V)1.2) L-type calcium channel mediates mechanosensitive calcium regulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Sep;283(3):C1001-8. 12176756 Tiwari S, Zhang Y, Heller J, Abernethy DR, Soldatov NM: Atherosclerosis-related molecular alteration of the human CaV1.2 calcium channel alpha1C subunit. 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Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334 Blumenstein Y, Kanevsky N, Sahar G, Barzilai R, Ivanina T, Dascal N: A novel long N-terminal isoform of human L-type Ca2+ channel is up-regulated by protein kinase C. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 1;277(5):3419-23. Epub 2001 Dec 11. 11741969 Perez-Reyes E, Wei XY, Castellano A, Birnbaumer L: Molecular diversity of L-type calcium channels. Evidence for alternative splicing of the transcripts of three non-allelic genes. J Biol Chem. 1990 Nov 25;265(33):20430-6. 2173707 Powers PA, Gregg RG, Lalley PA, Liao M, Hogan K: Assignment of the human gene for the alpha 1 subunit of the cardiac DHP-sensitive Ca2+ channel (CCHL1A1) to chromosome 12p12-pter. Genomics. 1991 Jul;10(3):835-9. 1653763 Sun W, McPherson JD, Hoang DQ, Wasmuth JJ, Evans GA, Montal M: Mapping of a human brain voltage-gated calcium channel to human chromosome 12p13-pter. 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