Cytochrome c

NameCytochrome c
Synonyms
  • CYC
Gene NameCYCS
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010707|Cytochrome c
MGDVEKGKKIFIMKCSQCHTVEKGGKHKTGPNLHGLFGRKTGQAPGYSYTAANKNKGIIW
GEDTLMEYLENPKKYIPGTKMIFVGIKKKEERADLIAYLKKATNE
Number of residues105
Molecular Weight11748.69
Theoretical pI10.16
GO Classification
Functions
  • heme binding
  • metal ion binding
  • electron transporter, transferring electrons from CoQH2-cytochrome c reductase complex and cytochrome c oxidase complex activity
Processes
  • apoptotic process
  • respiratory electron transport chain
  • organelle organization
  • mitochondrion organization
  • ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
  • protein dephosphorylation
  • programmed cell death
  • activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c
  • cellular respiration
  • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
  • response to reactive oxygen species
  • mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c
  • mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen
  • gene expression
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • cellular metabolic process
Components
  • mitochondrion
  • mitochondrial intermembrane space
  • nucleus
  • mitochondrial inner membrane
  • respiratory chain
  • protein phosphatase type 2A complex
  • cytosol
General FunctionMetal ion binding
Specific FunctionElectron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID181242
UniProtKB IDP99999
UniProtKB Entry NameCYC_HUMAN
Cellular LocationMitochondrion intermembrane space
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010708|Cytochrome c (CYCS)
ATGGGTGATGTTGAGAAAGGCAAGAAGATTTTTATTATGAAGTGTTCCCAGTGCCACACC
GTTGAAAAGGGAGGCAAGCACAAGACTGGGCCAAATCTCCATGGTCTCTTTGGGCGGAAG
ACAGGTCAGGCCCCTGGATACTCTTACACAGCCGCCAATAAGAACAAAGGCATCATCTGG
GGAGAGGATACACTGATGGAGTATTTGGAGAATCCCAAGAAGTACATCCCTGGAACAAAA
ATGATCTTTGTCGGCATTAAGAAGAAGGAAGAAAGGGCAGACTTAATAGCTTATCTCAAA
AAAGCTACTAATGAGTAA
GenBank Gene IDM22877
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDCYCS
HGNC IDHGNC:19986
Chromosome Location7
Locus7p15.2
References
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