T3DB: Transforming growth factor beta-1

Name	Transforming growth factor beta-1
Synonyms	TGF-beta-1 TGFB
Gene Name	TGFB1
Organism	Human
Amino acid sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0021834\|Transforming growth factor beta-1 MPPSGLRLLLLLLPLLWLLVLTPGRPAAGLSTCKTIDMELVKRKRIEAIRGQILSKLRLA SPPSQGEVPPGPLPEAVLALYNSTRDRVAGESAEPEPEPEADYYAKEVTRVLMVETHNEI YDKFKQSTHSIYMFFNTSELREAVPEPVLLSRAELRLLRLKLKVEQHVELYQKYSNNSWR YLSNRLLAPSDSPEWLSFDVTGVVRQWLSRGGEIEGFRLSAHCSCDSRDNTLQVDINGFT TGRRGDLATIHGMNRPFLLLMATPLERAQHLQSSRHRRALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYI DFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQA LEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS
Number of residues	390
Molecular Weight	44340.685
Theoretical pI	8.63
GO Classification	Functions cytokine activity type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding antigen binding type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding enzyme binding glycoprotein binding Processes platelet degranulation regulation of interleukin-23 production aging positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of protein phosphorylation negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation negative regulation of T cell proliferation protein import into nucleus, translocation hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation receptor catabolic process negative regulation of fat cell differentiation regulation of protein import into nucleus cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing regulation of binding regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion positive regulation of MAP kinase activity positive regulation of protein secretion T cell homeostasis viral life cycle negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol regulation of striated muscle tissue development Notch signaling pathway extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway response to cholesterol cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration positive regulation of protein import into nucleus positive regulation of histone deacetylation positive regulation of cell proliferation regulatory T cell differentiation positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation negative regulation of interleukin-17 production extracellular matrix organization adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway negative regulation of cell cycle myeloid dendritic cell differentiation inflammatory response lens fiber cell differentiation positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process regulation of blood vessel remodeling negative regulation of phagocytosis face morphogenesis branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation active induction of host immune response by virus oligodendrocyte development cell growth positive regulation of exit from mitosis response to wounding regulation of sodium ion transport negative regulation of protein phosphorylation cell development positive regulation of cell migration defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction inner ear development cellular response to organic cyclic compound regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway cell cycle arrest positive regulation of cell cycle arrest positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process response to glucose hyaluronan catabolic process frontal suture morphogenesis positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus positive regulation of chemotaxis positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis response to radiation positive regulation of protein complex assembly negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter phosphate-containing compound metabolic process negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity SMAD protein complex assembly digestive tract development positive regulation of fibroblast migration negative regulation of myoblast differentiation negative regulation of cell differentiation positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding ossification involved in bone remodeling response to estradiol negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane epithelial to mesenchymal transition positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration platelet activation positive regulation of interleukin-17 production protein kinase B signaling negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated chondrocyte differentiation salivary gland morphogenesis MAPK cascade negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA regulation of cell migration mitotic cell cycle checkpoint response to laminar fluid shear stress negative regulation of cell growth SMAD protein import into nucleus negative regulation of cell proliferation positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production ureteric bud development positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus germ cell migration negative regulation of ossification positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling positive regulation of histone acetylation macrophage derived foam cell differentiation positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes positive regulation of gene expression pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity SMAD protein signal transduction regulation of apoptotic process tolerance induction to self antigen female pregnancy organ regeneration lymph node development blood coagulation extracellular matrix assembly positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity positive regulation of bone mineralization positive regulation of superoxide anion generation mammary gland branching involved in thelarche epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway regulation of DNA binding myelination response to progesterone positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation positive regulation of vascular permeability protein phosphorylation positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation negative regulation of DNA replication positive regulation of apoptotic process mononuclear cell proliferation cellular calcium ion homeostasis modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology cell-cell junction organization negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle response to hypoxia regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis regulation of cartilage development negative regulation of gene expression negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation positive regulation of odontogenesis ATP biosynthetic process response to vitamin D protein export from nucleus response to drug endoderm development Components blood microparticle plasma membrane Golgi lumen extracellular space proteinaceous extracellular matrix cell surface axon neuronal cell body cytoplasm extracellular region nucleus platelet alpha granule lumen
General Function	Type iii transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Specific Function	Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development. At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells.
Pfam Domain Function	TGF_beta (PF00019 ) TGFb_propeptide (PF00688 )
Transmembrane Regions	Not Available
GenBank Protein ID	1212989
UniProtKB ID	P01137
UniProtKB Entry Name	TGFB1_HUMAN
Cellular Location	Secreted
Gene sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0021835\|Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1) ATGCCGCCCTCCGGGCTGCGGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTACCGCTGCTGTGGCTACTGGTG CTGACGCCTGGCCGGCCGGCCGCGGGACTATCCACCTGCAAGACTATCGACATGGAGCTG GTGAAGCGGAAGCGCATCGAGGCCATCCGCGGCCAGATCCTGTCCAAGCTGCGGCTCGCC AGCCCCCCGAGCCAGGGGGAGGTGCCGCCCGGCCCGCTGCCCGAGGCCGTGCTCGCCCTG TACAACAGCACCCGCGACCGGGTGGCCGGGGAGAGTGCAGAACCGGAGCCCGAGCCTGAG GCCGACTACTACGCCAAGGAGGTCACCCGCGTGCTAATGGTGGAAACCCACAACGAAATC TATGACAAGTTCAAGCAGAGTACACACAGCATATATATGTTCTTCAACACATCAGAGCTC CGAGAAGCGGTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCCCGGGCAGAGCTGCGTCTGCTGAGGCTC AAGTTAAAAGTGGAGCAGCACGTGGAGCTGTACCAGAAATACAGCAACAATTCCTGGCGA TACCTCAGCAACCGGCTGCTGGCACCCAGCGACTCGCCAGAGTGGTTATCTTTTGATGTC ACCGGAGTTGTGCGGCAGTGGTTGAGCCGTGGAGGGGAAATTGAGGGCTTTCGCCTTAGC GCCCACTGCTCCTGTGACAGCAGGGATAACACACTGCAAGTGGACATCAACGGGTTCACT ACCGGCCGCCGAGGTGACCTGGCCACCATTCATGGCATGAACCGGCCTTTCCTGCTTCTC ATGGCCACCCCGCTGGAGAGGGCCCAGCATCTGCAAAGCTCCCGGCACCGCCGAGCCCTG GACACCAACTATTGCTTCAGCTCCACGGAGAAGAACTGCTGCGTGCGGCAGCTGTACATT GACTTCCGCAAGGACCTCGGCTGGAAGTGGATCCACGAGCCCAAGGGCTACCATGCCAAC TTCTGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCCTACATTTGGAGCCTGGACACGCAGTACAGCAAGGTCCTG GCCCTGTACAACCAGCATAACCCGGGCGCCTCGGCGGCGCCGTGCTGCGTGCCGCAGGCG CTGGAGCCGCTGCCCATCGTGTACTACGTGGGCCGCAAGCCCAAGGTGGAGCAGCTGTCC AACATGATCGTGCGCTCCTGCAAGTGCAGCTGA
GenBank Gene ID	X05839
GeneCard ID	Not Available
GenAtlas ID	TGFB1
HGNC ID	HGNC:11766
Chromosome Location	19
Locus	19q13.2\|19q13.1
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