Transforming growth factor beta-1

NameTransforming growth factor beta-1
Synonyms
  • TGF-beta-1
  • TGFB
Gene NameTGFB1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021834|Transforming growth factor beta-1
MPPSGLRLLLLLLPLLWLLVLTPGRPAAGLSTCKTIDMELVKRKRIEAIRGQILSKLRLA
SPPSQGEVPPGPLPEAVLALYNSTRDRVAGESAEPEPEPEADYYAKEVTRVLMVETHNEI
YDKFKQSTHSIYMFFNTSELREAVPEPVLLSRAELRLLRLKLKVEQHVELYQKYSNNSWR
YLSNRLLAPSDSPEWLSFDVTGVVRQWLSRGGEIEGFRLSAHCSCDSRDNTLQVDINGFT
TGRRGDLATIHGMNRPFLLLMATPLERAQHLQSSRHRRALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYI
DFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQA
LEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS
Number of residues390
Molecular Weight44340.685
Theoretical pI8.63
GO Classification
Functions
  • glycoprotein binding
  • enzyme binding
  • type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • antigen binding
  • cytokine activity
  • type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Processes
  • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
  • phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
  • negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production
  • negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process
  • viral life cycle
  • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
  • SMAD protein complex assembly
  • positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
  • positive regulation of protein complex assembly
  • regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization
  • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding
  • ossification involved in bone remodeling
  • negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
  • digestive tract development
  • positive regulation of fibroblast migration
  • negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
  • cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus
  • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • chondrocyte differentiation
  • salivary gland morphogenesis
  • negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
  • transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of cell proliferation
  • epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • extracellular matrix organization
  • face morphogenesis
  • negative regulation of cell growth
  • SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly
  • inflammatory response
  • positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
  • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA
  • mitotic cell cycle checkpoint
  • positive regulation of cell migration
  • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
  • positive regulation of histone acetylation
  • macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes
  • cell growth
  • positive regulation of gene expression
  • response to wounding
  • ureteric bud development
  • positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • germ cell migration
  • positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • organ regeneration
  • lymph node development
  • extracellular matrix assembly
  • positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
  • cell cycle arrest
  • pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
  • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
  • SMAD protein signal transduction
  • tolerance induction to self antigen
  • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • response to progesterone
  • positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
  • positive regulation of vascular permeability
  • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
  • response to radiation
  • positive regulation of bone mineralization
  • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • positive regulation of superoxide anion generation
  • mammary gland branching involved in thelarche
  • regulation of DNA binding
  • response to estradiol
  • modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology
  • cell-cell junction organization
  • negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
  • regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis
  • positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of cell differentiation
  • negative regulation of DNA replication
  • mononuclear cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of odontogenesis
  • MAPK cascade
  • response to vitamin D
  • protein export from nucleus
  • endoderm development
  • regulation of cartilage development
  • platelet activation
  • negative regulation of gene expression
  • protein kinase B signaling
  • negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
  • common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation
  • negative regulation of cell proliferation
  • protein import into nucleus, translocation
  • hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
  • receptor catabolic process
  • regulation of interleukin-23 production
  • regulation of cell migration
  • aging
  • response to laminar fluid shear stress
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of protein secretion
  • T cell homeostasis
  • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
  • regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
  • negative regulation of ossification
  • connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing
  • regulation of binding
  • blood coagulation
  • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
  • regulation of striated muscle tissue development
  • regulation of apoptotic process
  • Notch signaling pathway
  • female pregnancy
  • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
  • response to cholesterol
  • adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
  • lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
  • protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of cell cycle
  • myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of histone deacetylation
  • regulatory T cell differentiation
  • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation
  • myelination
  • negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching
  • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • response to hypoxia
  • active induction of host immune response by virus
  • lens fiber cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of apoptotic process
  • regulation of blood vessel remodeling
  • cellular calcium ion homeostasis
  • negative regulation of phagocytosis
  • cell development
  • defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction
  • response to drug
  • inner ear development
  • cellular response to organic cyclic compound
  • oligodendrocyte development
  • positive regulation of exit from mitosis
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
  • regulation of sodium ion transport
  • ATP biosynthetic process
  • negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • hyaluronan catabolic process
  • frontal suture morphogenesis
  • evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus
  • positive regulation of chemotaxis
  • platelet degranulation
  • regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of cell cycle arrest
  • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • response to glucose
  • negative regulation of T cell proliferation
Components
  • blood microparticle
  • proteinaceous extracellular matrix
  • plasma membrane
  • neuronal cell body
  • Golgi lumen
  • axon
  • extracellular space
  • cell surface
  • cytoplasm
  • extracellular region
  • nucleus
  • platelet alpha granule lumen
General FunctionType iii transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Specific FunctionMultifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development. At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID1212989
UniProtKB IDP01137
UniProtKB Entry NameTGFB1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021835|Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1)
ATGCCGCCCTCCGGGCTGCGGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTACCGCTGCTGTGGCTACTGGTG
CTGACGCCTGGCCGGCCGGCCGCGGGACTATCCACCTGCAAGACTATCGACATGGAGCTG
GTGAAGCGGAAGCGCATCGAGGCCATCCGCGGCCAGATCCTGTCCAAGCTGCGGCTCGCC
AGCCCCCCGAGCCAGGGGGAGGTGCCGCCCGGCCCGCTGCCCGAGGCCGTGCTCGCCCTG
TACAACAGCACCCGCGACCGGGTGGCCGGGGAGAGTGCAGAACCGGAGCCCGAGCCTGAG
GCCGACTACTACGCCAAGGAGGTCACCCGCGTGCTAATGGTGGAAACCCACAACGAAATC
TATGACAAGTTCAAGCAGAGTACACACAGCATATATATGTTCTTCAACACATCAGAGCTC
CGAGAAGCGGTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCCCGGGCAGAGCTGCGTCTGCTGAGGCTC
AAGTTAAAAGTGGAGCAGCACGTGGAGCTGTACCAGAAATACAGCAACAATTCCTGGCGA
TACCTCAGCAACCGGCTGCTGGCACCCAGCGACTCGCCAGAGTGGTTATCTTTTGATGTC
ACCGGAGTTGTGCGGCAGTGGTTGAGCCGTGGAGGGGAAATTGAGGGCTTTCGCCTTAGC
GCCCACTGCTCCTGTGACAGCAGGGATAACACACTGCAAGTGGACATCAACGGGTTCACT
ACCGGCCGCCGAGGTGACCTGGCCACCATTCATGGCATGAACCGGCCTTTCCTGCTTCTC
ATGGCCACCCCGCTGGAGAGGGCCCAGCATCTGCAAAGCTCCCGGCACCGCCGAGCCCTG
GACACCAACTATTGCTTCAGCTCCACGGAGAAGAACTGCTGCGTGCGGCAGCTGTACATT
GACTTCCGCAAGGACCTCGGCTGGAAGTGGATCCACGAGCCCAAGGGCTACCATGCCAAC
TTCTGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCCTACATTTGGAGCCTGGACACGCAGTACAGCAAGGTCCTG
GCCCTGTACAACCAGCATAACCCGGGCGCCTCGGCGGCGCCGTGCTGCGTGCCGCAGGCG
CTGGAGCCGCTGCCCATCGTGTACTACGTGGGCCGCAAGCCCAAGGTGGAGCAGCTGTCC
AACATGATCGTGCGCTCCTGCAAGTGCAGCTGA
GenBank Gene IDX05839
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDTGFB1
HGNC IDHGNC:11766
Chromosome Location19
Locus19q13.2|19q13.1
References
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