NameRenin
Synonyms
  • 3.4.23.15
  • Angiotensinogenase
Gene NameREN
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0000539|Renin
MDGWRRMPRWGLLLLLWGSCTFGLPTDTTTFKRIFLKRMPSIRESLKERGVDMARLGPEW
SQPMKRLTLGNTTSSVILTNYMDTQYYGEIGIGTPPQTFKVVFDTGSSNVWVPSSKCSRL
YTACVYHKLFDASDSSSYKHNGTELTLRYSTGTVSGFLSQDIITVGGITVTQMFGEVTEM
PALPFMLAEFDGVVGMGFIEQAIGRVTPIFDNIISQGVLKEDVFSFYYNRDSENSQSLGG
QIVLGGSDPQHYEGNFHYINLIKTGVWQIQMKGVSVGSSTLLCEDGCLALVDTGASYISG
STSSIEKLMEALGAKKRLFDYVVKCNEGPTLPDISFHLGGKEYTLTSADYVFQESYSSKK
LCTLAIHAMDIPPPTGPTWALGATFIRKFYTEFDRRNNRIGFALAR
Number of residues406
Molecular Weight45057.125
Theoretical pI7.07
GO Classification
Functions
  • peptidase activity
  • receptor binding
  • aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
Processes
  • mesonephros development
  • regulation of blood pressure
  • response to cAMP
  • response to cGMP
  • cellular protein metabolic process
  • kidney development
  • renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production
  • response to lipopolysaccharide
  • response to immobilization stress
  • regulation of MAPK cascade
  • cellular response to drug
  • angiotensin maturation
  • proteolysis
  • beta-amyloid metabolic process
  • cell maturation
  • drinking behavior
  • hormone-mediated signaling pathway
  • male gonad development
Components
  • extracellular space
  • lysosome
  • extracellular region
  • plasma membrane
General FunctionReceptor binding
Specific FunctionRenin is a highly specific endopeptidase, whose only known function is to generate angiotensin I from angiotensinogen in the plasma, initiating a cascade of reactions that produce an elevation of blood pressure and increased sodium retention by the kidney.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID190994
UniProtKB IDP00797
UniProtKB Entry NameRENI_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0018936|Renin (REN)
ATGGATGGATGGAGAAGGATGCCTCGCTGGGGACTGCTGCTGCTGCTCTGGGGCTCCTGT
ACCTTTGGTCTCCCGACAGACACCACCACCTTTAAACGGATCTTCCTCAAGAGAATGCCC
TCAATCCGAGAAAGCCTGAAGGAACGAGGTGTGGACATGGCCAGGCTTGGTCCCGAGTGG
AGCCAACCCATGAAGAGGCTGACACTTGGCAACACCACCTCCTCCGTGATCCTCACCAAC
TACATGGACACCCAGTACTATGGCGAGATTGGCATCGGCACCCCACCCCAGACCTTCAAA
GTCGTCTTTGACACTGGTTCGTCCAATGTTTGGGTGCCCTCCTCCAAGTGCAGCCGTCTC
TACACTGCCTGTGTGTATCACAAGCTCTTCGATGCTTCGGATTCCTCCAGCTACAAGCAC
AATGGAACAGAACTCACCCTCCGCTATTCAACAGGGACAGTCAGTGGCTTTCTCAGCCAG
GACATCATCACCGTGGGTGGAATCACGGTGACACAGATGTTTGGAGAGGTCACGGAGATG
CCCGCCTTACCCTTCATGCTGGCCGAGTTTGATGGGGTTGTGGGCATGGGCTTCATTGAA
CAGGCCATTGGCAGGGTCACCCCTATCTTCGACAACATCATCTCCCAAGGGGTGCTAAAA
GAGGACGTCTTCTCTTTCTACTACAACAGAGATTCCGAGAATTCCCAATCGCTGGGAGGA
CAGATTGTGCTGGGAGGCAGCGACCCCCAGCATTACGAAGGGAATTTCCACTATATCAAC
CTCATCAAGACTGGTGTCTGGCAGATTCAAATGAAGGGGGTGTCTGTGGGGTCATCCACC
TTGCTCTGTGAAGACGGCTGCCTGGCATTGGTAGACACCGGTGCATCCTACATCTCAGGT
TCTACCAGCTCCATAGAGAAGCTCATGGAGGCCTTGGGAGCCAAGAAGAGGCTGTTTGAT
TATGTCGTGAAGTGTAACGAGGGCCCTACACTCCCCGACATCTCTTTCCACCTGGGAGGC
AAAGAATACACGCTCACCAGCGCGGACTATGTATTTCAGGAATCCTACAGTAGTAAAAAG
CTGTGCACACTGGCCATCCACGCCATGGATATCCCGCCACCCACTGGACCCACCTGGGCC
CTGGGGGCCACCTTCATCCGAAAGTTCTACACAGAGTTTGATCGGCGTAACAACCGCATT
GGCTTCGCCTTGGCCCGCTGA
GenBank Gene IDL00073
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDREN
HGNC IDHGNC:9958
Chromosome Location1
Locus1q32
References
  1. Imai T, Miyazaki H, Hirose S, Hori H, Hayashi T, Kageyama R, Ohkubo H, Nakanishi S, Murakami K: Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human renin precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7405-9. 6324167
  2. Morris BJ: New possibilities for intracellular renin and inactive renin now that the structure of the human renin gene has been elucidated. Clin Sci (Lond). 1986 Oct;71(4):345-55. 3530608
  3. Hardman JA, Hort YJ, Catanzaro DF, Tellam JT, Baxter JD, Morris BJ, Shine J: Primary structure of the human renin gene. DNA. 1984 Dec;3(6):457-68. 6391881
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. 16710414
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334
  6. Soubrier F, Panthier JJ, Corvol P, Rougeon F: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a human renin cDNA fragment. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 25;11(20):7181-90. 6138751
  7. Fukamizu A, Nishi K, Nishimatsu S, Miyazaki H, Hirose S, Murakami K: Human renin gene of renin-secreting tumor. Gene. 1986;49(1):139-45. 3032746
  8. Burt DW, Nakamura N, Kelley P, Dzau VJ: Identification of negative and positive regulatory elements in the human renin gene. J Biol Chem. 1989 May 5;264(13):7357-62. 2540188
  9. Soubrier F, Panthier JJ, Houot AM, Rougeon F, Corvol P: Segmental homology between the promoter region of the human renin gene and the mouse ren1 and ren2 promoter regions. Gene. 1986;41(1):85-92. 3516796
  10. Ishizuka Y, Shoda A, Yoshida S, Kawamura Y, Haraguchi K, Murakami K: Isolation and characterization of recombinant human prorenin in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biochem. 1991 Jan;109(1):30-5. 2016271
  11. Nguyen G, Delarue F, Burckle C, Bouzhir L, Giller T, Sraer JD: Pivotal role of the renin/prorenin receptor in angiotensin II production and cellular responses to renin. J Clin Invest. 2002 Jun;109(11):1417-27. 12045255
  12. Sielecki AR, Hayakawa K, Fujinaga M, Murphy ME, Fraser M, Muir AK, Carilli CT, Lewicki JA, Baxter JD, James MN: Structure of recombinant human renin, a target for cardiovascular-active drugs, at 2.5 A resolution. Science. 1989 Mar 10;243(4896):1346-51. 2493678
  13. Dhanaraj V, Dealwis CG, Frazao C, Badasso M, Sibanda BL, Tickle IJ, Cooper JB, Driessen HP, Newman M, Aguilar C, et al.: X-ray analyses of peptide-inhibitor complexes define the structural basis of specificity for human and mouse renins. Nature. 1992 Jun 11;357(6378):466-72. 1608447
  14. Zhou A, Carrell RW, Murphy MP, Wei Z, Yan Y, Stanley PL, Stein PE, Broughton Pipkin F, Read RJ: A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release. Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):108-11. doi: 10.1038/nature09505. Epub 2010 Oct 6. 20927107
  15. Gribouval O, Gonzales M, Neuhaus T, Aziza J, Bieth E, Laurent N, Bouton JM, Feuillet F, Makni S, Ben Amar H, Laube G, Delezoide AL, Bouvier R, Dijoud F, Ollagnon-Roman E, Roume J, Joubert M, Antignac C, Gubler MC: Mutations in genes in the renin-angiotensin system are associated with autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis. Nat Genet. 2005 Sep;37(9):964-8. Epub 2005 Aug 14. 16116425
  16. Zivna M, Hulkova H, Matignon M, Hodanova K, Vylet'al P, Kalbacova M, Baresova V, Sikora J, Blazkova H, Zivny J, Ivanek R, Stranecky V, Sovova J, Claes K, Lerut E, Fryns JP, Hart PS, Hart TC, Adams JN, Pawtowski A, Clemessy M, Gasc JM, Gubler MC, Antignac C, Elleder M, Kapp K, Grimbert P, Bleyer AJ, Kmoch S: Dominant renin gene mutations associated with early-onset hyperuricemia, anemia, and chronic kidney failure. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Aug;85(2):204-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.07.010. Epub 2009 Aug 6. 19664745