Transforming growth factor beta-1

NameTransforming growth factor beta-1
Synonyms
  • TGF-beta-1
  • TGFB
Gene NameTGFB1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021834|Transforming growth factor beta-1
MPPSGLRLLLLLLPLLWLLVLTPGRPAAGLSTCKTIDMELVKRKRIEAIRGQILSKLRLA
SPPSQGEVPPGPLPEAVLALYNSTRDRVAGESAEPEPEPEADYYAKEVTRVLMVETHNEI
YDKFKQSTHSIYMFFNTSELREAVPEPVLLSRAELRLLRLKLKVEQHVELYQKYSNNSWR
YLSNRLLAPSDSPEWLSFDVTGVVRQWLSRGGEIEGFRLSAHCSCDSRDNTLQVDINGFT
TGRRGDLATIHGMNRPFLLLMATPLERAQHLQSSRHRRALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYI
DFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQA
LEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS
Number of residues390
Molecular Weight44340.685
Theoretical pI8.63
GO Classification
Functions
  • glycoprotein binding
  • cytokine activity
  • type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • antigen binding
  • enzyme binding
Processes
  • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production
  • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
  • negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process
  • regulation of apoptotic process
  • female pregnancy
  • positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
  • organ regeneration
  • positive regulation of protein complex assembly
  • blood coagulation
  • protein phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of bone mineralization
  • ossification involved in bone remodeling
  • positive regulation of superoxide anion generation
  • negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
  • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
  • myelination
  • positive regulation of fibroblast migration
  • response to progesterone
  • negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
  • response to hypoxia
  • positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • salivary gland morphogenesis
  • negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
  • positive regulation of apoptotic process
  • cellular calcium ion homeostasis
  • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology
  • positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • response to drug
  • negative regulation of gene expression
  • SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
  • positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
  • ATP biosynthetic process
  • negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA
  • response to vitamin D
  • mitotic cell cycle checkpoint
  • germ cell migration
  • platelet degranulation
  • positive regulation of histone acetylation
  • aging
  • macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes
  • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of T cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • protein import into nucleus, translocation
  • tolerance induction to self antigen
  • viral life cycle
  • lymph node development
  • cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
  • extracellular matrix assembly
  • connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing
  • positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
  • regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization
  • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
  • SMAD protein signal transduction
  • positive regulation of protein secretion
  • regulation of DNA binding
  • positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
  • Notch signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of vascular permeability
  • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
  • cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus
  • mammary gland branching involved in thelarche
  • negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • mononuclear cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of cell proliferation
  • cell-cell junction organization
  • positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation
  • negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
  • negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis
  • extracellular matrix organization
  • lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
  • negative regulation of DNA replication
  • negative regulation of cell cycle
  • common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • active induction of host immune response by virus
  • positive regulation of odontogenesis
  • inflammatory response
  • positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
  • protein export from nucleus
  • regulation of blood vessel remodeling
  • endoderm development
  • negative regulation of phagocytosis
  • regulation of cartilage development
  • face morphogenesis
  • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • cellular response to organic cyclic compound
  • negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation
  • cell growth
  • response to wounding
  • hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
  • regulation of sodium ion transport
  • receptor catabolic process
  • negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • regulation of interleukin-23 production
  • positive regulation of cell migration
  • inner ear development
  • regulation of binding
  • negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion
  • cell cycle arrest
  • positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
  • T cell homeostasis
  • response to glucose
  • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
  • hyaluronan catabolic process
  • regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • positive regulation of chemotaxis
  • response to cholesterol
  • SMAD protein complex assembly
  • response to radiation
  • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
  • phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
  • regulation of striated muscle tissue development
  • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
  • digestive tract development
  • adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
  • negative regulation of cell differentiation
  • myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of histone deacetylation
  • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding
  • regulatory T cell differentiation
  • response to estradiol
  • transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching
  • platelet activation
  • protein kinase B signaling
  • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • lens fiber cell differentiation
  • chondrocyte differentiation
  • MAPK cascade
  • positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • cell development
  • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction
  • regulation of cell migration
  • response to laminar fluid shear stress
  • oligodendrocyte development
  • negative regulation of cell growth
  • positive regulation of exit from mitosis
  • negative regulation of cell proliferation
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of gene expression
  • frontal suture morphogenesis
  • ureteric bud development
  • evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus
  • negative regulation of ossification
  • regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
  • positive regulation of cell cycle arrest
Components
  • extracellular region
  • nucleus
  • platelet alpha granule lumen
  • blood microparticle
  • plasma membrane
  • Golgi lumen
  • extracellular space
  • proteinaceous extracellular matrix
  • neuronal cell body
  • cell surface
  • axon
  • cytoplasm
General FunctionType iii transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Specific FunctionMultifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development. At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID1212989
UniProtKB IDP01137
UniProtKB Entry NameTGFB1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021835|Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1)
ATGCCGCCCTCCGGGCTGCGGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTACCGCTGCTGTGGCTACTGGTG
CTGACGCCTGGCCGGCCGGCCGCGGGACTATCCACCTGCAAGACTATCGACATGGAGCTG
GTGAAGCGGAAGCGCATCGAGGCCATCCGCGGCCAGATCCTGTCCAAGCTGCGGCTCGCC
AGCCCCCCGAGCCAGGGGGAGGTGCCGCCCGGCCCGCTGCCCGAGGCCGTGCTCGCCCTG
TACAACAGCACCCGCGACCGGGTGGCCGGGGAGAGTGCAGAACCGGAGCCCGAGCCTGAG
GCCGACTACTACGCCAAGGAGGTCACCCGCGTGCTAATGGTGGAAACCCACAACGAAATC
TATGACAAGTTCAAGCAGAGTACACACAGCATATATATGTTCTTCAACACATCAGAGCTC
CGAGAAGCGGTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCCCGGGCAGAGCTGCGTCTGCTGAGGCTC
AAGTTAAAAGTGGAGCAGCACGTGGAGCTGTACCAGAAATACAGCAACAATTCCTGGCGA
TACCTCAGCAACCGGCTGCTGGCACCCAGCGACTCGCCAGAGTGGTTATCTTTTGATGTC
ACCGGAGTTGTGCGGCAGTGGTTGAGCCGTGGAGGGGAAATTGAGGGCTTTCGCCTTAGC
GCCCACTGCTCCTGTGACAGCAGGGATAACACACTGCAAGTGGACATCAACGGGTTCACT
ACCGGCCGCCGAGGTGACCTGGCCACCATTCATGGCATGAACCGGCCTTTCCTGCTTCTC
ATGGCCACCCCGCTGGAGAGGGCCCAGCATCTGCAAAGCTCCCGGCACCGCCGAGCCCTG
GACACCAACTATTGCTTCAGCTCCACGGAGAAGAACTGCTGCGTGCGGCAGCTGTACATT
GACTTCCGCAAGGACCTCGGCTGGAAGTGGATCCACGAGCCCAAGGGCTACCATGCCAAC
TTCTGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCCTACATTTGGAGCCTGGACACGCAGTACAGCAAGGTCCTG
GCCCTGTACAACCAGCATAACCCGGGCGCCTCGGCGGCGCCGTGCTGCGTGCCGCAGGCG
CTGGAGCCGCTGCCCATCGTGTACTACGTGGGCCGCAAGCCCAAGGTGGAGCAGCTGTCC
AACATGATCGTGCGCTCCTGCAAGTGCAGCTGA
GenBank Gene IDX05839
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDTGFB1
HGNC IDHGNC:11766
Chromosome Location19
Locus19q13.2|19q13.1
References
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